acid and bases Flashcards
state arrhenius theory
properties of acids were due to the presence of H ions, acids were compounds that produce H ions in a solution
properties of bases were due to the presence of OH, compounds that produce OH ions in solution
why was arrhenuis theory limited
it only described one type of base, those containing OH ion, but not others such as NH3
what is the bronsted-lowry theory
an acid is a proton donor, and a base is a proton acceptor
what is a amphiprotic substance
substances that is classified as a bronsted-lowry acid or base depending on the reaction
conjugate acid and base pairs
since acid/base reactions are reversibe there will also be a proton transfer in the reverse reaction. so there is base and acid on each side. the acid and base on product side are reffered to as conjugate acid or base
conjugate acid and conjugate base and when they form
conjugate acid is a substance that forms when a base accepts a proton
conjugate base is a substance that forms when a acid loses a proton
when the acid is strong what will be produced
more H ions stronger bases form more OH
what does the double arrow represent
partial ionization of the solution
what does a large Ka or Kb mean
lots og H ions or OH ions in the solution
in water what are the concentrations of H AND OH
How will these change when solution is no longer neutral
(H)= 1.010^-7M
(OH)=1,010^-7M
Acid= H increase OH decrease
Base= H decrease OH increase
what does pH stand for
potential hydrogen
what is titration
process where a known property of one solution is used to infer an unknown property of another solution
what is the equivalence point
when the number of moles of H is equal number of moles of OH
where it is neutral
what is the end point
when the indicator changes colour
titrant and analyte
titrant is what added
analyte is what we start with
