ACE 2014-11a Flashcards

0
Q

Things to do within 3 hours of severe sepsis:

A

Measure lactate
Blood cultures prior to atbx
Broad spectrum atbx
30 mL/kg of crystalloid

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1
Q

Cyclosporine most commonly causes toxicity in what organ?

A

Kidneys

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2
Q

Plexus block to relieve visceral pelvic pain

A

Superior hypogastric plexus block

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3
Q

Occurrence of spontaneous bleeding in patients with HIT

A

Rare

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4
Q

Medications that induce p450 system

A
Carbamazepine
Dexamethasone
Modafinil
Omeprazole
St. John's wort
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5
Q

Transfusion associated graft vs host disease occurs most commonly in what age group?

A

Patients over age 60 yrs, developing 1-6 weeks after transfusion

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6
Q

Induction drug associated with increased seizure duration for ECT

A

Etomidate

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7
Q

Preop test that is best predictor of post thoracotomy morbidity and mortality

A

VO2: Maximal oxygen consumption
< 12mL/kg/min = 7x risk
< 1 flight of stairs = < 10mL/kg/min
5 flights = > 20mL/kg/min

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8
Q

Traditional cutoff for preop paCO2 level for pulmonary resection

A

paCO2 > 69 mmHg

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9
Q

Single most important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage who survive initial bleed

A

Delayed cerebral ischemia, presenting 3-14 days after initial bleed

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10
Q

Only drug demonstrating benefit to subarachnoid hemorrhage patient

A

Nimodipine

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11
Q

Adrenergic agonist that is metabolized by lungs

A

Norepinephrine

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12
Q

Mechanism of fenoldopam

A

Selective dopamine type 1 receptor agonist that decreases renal vascular resistance and increases renal blood flow

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13
Q

Only intervention with documented efficacy in resolving the inability to ventilate with opioid induced rigidity

A

administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs

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14
Q

Single most important stimulus for hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

A

PAO2, partial pressure of oxygen at the alveoli

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15
Q

Drugs to treat wide complex SVT associated with WPW

A

Lidocaine, amiodarone, procainamide

16
Q

Why is aspirin contraindicated in patients with hyperthyroidism

A

It inhibits binding of thyroid hormone and can increase levels of free t4 and t3

17
Q

Conditions that increase carbon monoxide diffusion capacity

A

Exercise, asthma, polycythemia, pulmonary hemorrhage, left to right intracardiac shunting

18
Q

What causes exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms?

A

Increased body temperature, emotional and physiological stress

19
Q

Pretreatment with what medication may decrease frequency of abnormal movements during induction?

A

Fentanyl

20
Q

Only consistent method to prevent dementia or postop cognitive dysfunction (POCD)

A

Identifying patients at risk preoperatively with geriatric consultation

21
Q

Cherry red colored blood occurs when carbon monoxide levels are greater than?

A

40%

22
Q

Treatment of choice for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

A

Plasma exchange

23
Q

Why is succinylcholine contraindicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients?

A

Hyperkalemia risk is increased due to proliferation of post synaptic receptors