Acalasia Flashcards

1
Q

que es la Acalasia

A

fallo de la relajacion de Esfinter esofagico inferior a la deglucion

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2
Q

tetrada clasica de la acalasia

A

disfagia, dolor toraxico, regurgitacion y perdida de peso

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3
Q

como se reelaciona la acalasia con RGE

A

la presencia de reflujo practicamente descarta la acalasia

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4
Q

datos radiograficos de acalasia

A

en la Rx contrastada, dilatacion esofagica que termina en pico de pajaro

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5
Q

estudio diagnostico que confirma la acalasia

A

manometria

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6
Q

principales causas de acalasia primaria y secundaria

A

primaria: fallo en la inervacion esogafica
secundaria: compresion extrinseca por cancer gastrico

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7
Q

principales complciaciones de la acalasia

A
  • esofagitis por los alimentos retenidos
  • broncoaspiracion
  • predisposicion a cancer esofagico
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8
Q

modalidades terapeuticas de la acalasia

A
  • dilatacion con balon (1° eleccion)
  • calcioantagonsitas
  • cirugia
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9
Q

que es el espasmo esofagico difuso

A

multiples contracciones esofagicas espontaneas inducidas por la deglucion

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10
Q

clinica del espasmo esofagico difuso

A

dolor toraxico y disfagia que varia de intensidad sin perdida de peso

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11
Q

imagen radiologica del espasmo esogafico difuso

A

esofago en sacacorcho con contraste

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12
Q

tratamiento medico del espasmo esofagico difuso

A
  • relajantes de musculo liso antes de las comidas; nitroglicerina, isosorbide o nifedipino
  • antidepresivos
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13
Q

tratamiento quirurgico del espasmo esofagico disfuso

A

miotomia de la capa muscular esofagica mas cirugia antireflujo

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