Academics Lesson IV—Roman History Flashcards
Questions Influenced by Imperium by Julian Morgan and Liber Digitalis by David Jackson
Give the years of the Roman Monarchy.
753–510 B.C.
Fun Fact: The Roman Monarchy lasted from Rome’s founding in 753 B.C. until the expulsion of the last king in 510 B.C..
Rome is said to have how many kings rule over the course of its Monarchy?
Seven
Fun Fact: The Roman Monarchy lasted from Rome’s founding in 753 B.C. until the expulsion of the last king in 510 B.C.. In total, Rome had seven kings.
Who is considered the first king of the Roman Monarchy?
Romulus
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What group of 100 men was Romulus said to have established?
Senate
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What event under the reign of Romulus created an early influx of women into Rome?
Rape of the Sabine Women
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
To whom did Romulus dedicate the first spolia opima?
Jupiter
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
With which Sabine king is Romulus said to have co-ruled?
Titus Tatius
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
Some accounts have Romulus dying in a supernatural way. In these stories, how is Romulus said to have died?
enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
What became the deified name of the Roman king Romulus?
Quirinus
Fun Fact: The first king, Romulus, established the Senate (with 100 members called patrēs), brought the Sabine women into the city (Rape of the Sabine Women), and dedicated the first spolia opima (earned for killing an enemy commander in battle) to Jupiter. For a brief time Romulus co-ruled with the Sabine king Titus Tatius. It was said that Romulus did not die, but was enveloped by a storm cloud and raised into the sky. The Romans deified Romulus under the name Quirinus.
Who is considered the second king of the Roman Monarchy?
Numa Pompilius
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
From what Italic tribe was Rome’s second king Numa Pompilius said to have descended?
Sabines
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What cultural aspect is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
Religion
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What religious cult of maidens is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
The Vestal Virgins
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
What religious cult to the god of doorways is the Roman king Numa Pompilius considered to have introduced to Rome?
The cult of Janus
Fun Fact: Romulus successor, Numa Pompilius, was a Sabine who brought religion to Rome. He established the Vestal Virgins and the cult of Janus.
Who is considered the third king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tullus Hostilius
Fun Fact: Rome’s third king, Tullus Hostilius, destroyed Alba Longa due to the victory of the Horatii over the Curiatii.
What nearby town was Tullus Hostilius said to have destroyed?
Alba Longa
Fun Fact: Rome’s third king, Tullus Hostilius, destroyed Alba Longa due to the victory of the Horatii over the Curiatii.
Who is considered the fourth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Ancus Marcius
Fun Fact: Ancus Marcius, the fourth king, established Rome’s port city at Ostia.
What port city is the Roman king Ancus Marcius said to have found?
Ostia
Fun Fact: Ancus Marcius, the fourth king, established Rome’s port city at Ostia.
Who is considered the fifth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tarquinius Priscus
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Tarquinius Priscus is the first Roman king from what Italic tribe?
Etruscans (from Etruria)
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
What future site in Rome is the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus said to have drained?
Forum Rōmānum
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is said to be the wife of the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus?
Tanaquil
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is said to have killed the Roman king Tarquinius Priscus?
the sons of Ancus Marcius
Fun Fact: The fifth king, Tarquinius Priscus, was Rome’s first Etruscan king. He drained the Forum Rōmānum and was killed by the sons of Ancus Marcius.
Who is considered the sixth king of the Roman Monarchy?
Servius Tullius
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
To whom is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have been born?
a slave woman (Ocrisia)
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What omen is attributed to the sixth king of the Roman Monarchy Servius Tullius, and who was the person who interpreted this omen?
When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping but was not harmed; Tanaquil interpreted this as Servius Tullius would one day rule
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have established when he divided Rome into six classes?
census
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What cult is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to have established on the Aventine hill?
cult of Diana
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
What fortification is the Roman king Servius Tullius said to be the first to have established in Rome?
first wall around the city (the Servian Wall)
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
Who murdered the Roman king Servius Tullius?
Tarquinius Superbus
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
Who is considered the seventh and last king of the Roman Monarchy?
Tarquinius Superbus
Fun Fact: Servius Tullius, the sixth king, was the son of a slave woman. When he was a child, his head burst into flames while he was sleeping. Unharmed, the queen Tanaquil interpreted this as an omen that Servius Tullius would one day rule as king. Servius Tullius established the census by dividing Rome into six classes. He also established the cult of Diana on the Aventine hill and built the first wall around the city (the Servian Wall). He was murdered and overthrown by Rome’s last king, Tarquinius Superbus.
As shown on the Column of Trajan, what kingdom did the Roman emperor Trajan conquer by 106 A.D.?
Dacia
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
In what year did the Roman emperor Trajan begin his attack on Dacia?
101 A.D.
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
During the reign of the Roman emperor Trajan, who was the king of the Dacians whom Trajan ultimately defeated?
Decebalus
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
What title, which typically is translated as “the best emperor”, is normally attributed to the Roman emperor Trajan?
Optimus Princeps
Fun Fact: In 101 A.D. the emperor Trajan led his legions across the Danube river to conquer the kingdom of Dacia, modern day Romania. The king of the Dacians, Decebalus, had previously fought a successful war against the Roman emperor Domitian. By 106 A.D. Trajan had conquered Dacia and transformed it into a Roman province. In Rome Trajan then set out to build a monument to his victory. The result was Trajan’s Column, a 110 foot memorial which tells the story of the Dacian War. On top of Trajan’s Column was a bronze statue of the emperor, which has been replaced by a statue of St. Peter. Trajan not only built a column in Rome, but an entire Forum. Trajan’s Forum, called the Forum Ulpium in Latin, contained a basilica and a series of markets which were built into the sides of the Capitoline and Quirinal Hills. In the annals of Roman history, Trajan is known as Optimus Princeps (the best emperor). His reign ushered in the high point of the Pāx Rōmāna. In later years coins were minted in ancient Rome with the phrase felicior Augustō, melior Trāiānō—“more fortunate than Augustus, better than Trajan.” When Trajan died in 117 A.D., the Roman Empire was at its greatest territorial extent.
