Academics Lesson IV—Grammar Flashcards
Questions Influenced by Imperium by Julian Morgan and Liber Digitalis by David Jackson
Into what groupings do we classify verbs in Latin?
Conjugation
Fun Fact: A conjugation is the name given to a group of verbs which follow similar patterns of endings. There are four main conjugations of verbs in Latin.
How many conjugations do we have for Latin verbs?
Four
Fun Fact: A conjugation is the name given to a group of verbs which follow similar patterns of endings. There are four main conjugations of verbs in Latin.
How many principal parts typically compose the dictionary entry of a verb?
Four
Fun Fact: A conjugation is the name given to a group of verbs which follow similar patterns of endings. There are four main conjugations of verbs in Latin.
What verb form can be found in the second principal part of a Latin verb?
Infinitive
Fun Fact: Infinitives in Latin can come in three tenses (present, future and perfect) and two voices (active and passive). They are forms of verbs which mean to do something.
In verbs classified by the First Conjugation, what ending is present in the second principle part?
-āre
Fun Fact: e.g. amāre, cūrāre, and lābōrāre
In verbs classified by the Second Conjugation, what ending is present in the second principle part?
-ēre
Fun Fact: e.g. docēre, monēre, and habēre
How do we typically form the present stem of a Latin verb?
Remove the -re ending from the second principal part of the verb
Fun Fact: For example, the stem of the verb amō is amā; the stem of the verb doceō is docē.
Identify the six personal endings of the present stem for Latin verbs.
How many persons are there in a Latin verb?
Three
Fun Fact: The person of a verb is first, second or third. The person should normally be associated with a number (singular or plural).
What are the two possible “numbers” for a Latin verb?
Singular and Plural
Fun Fact: In Latin, a verb, noun, adjective or pronoun will normally have a number associated with it. The number is either singular or plural.
Translate the verb form videō.
Translate the verb form clāmant.
Conjugate the present tense (Active Indicative) for the verb ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātum—to walk.
Conjugate the present tense (Active Indicative) for the verb videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum—to see.
Conjugate the present tense (Active Indicative) for the verb clāmō, clāmāre, clāmāvī, clāmātum—to shout.
Conjugate the present tense (Active Indicative) for the verb moneō, monēre, monuī, monitum—to warn.
Translate the Latin verb form doceō in three different ways.
I teach or I am teaching or I do teach
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form monēmus in three different ways.
we warn / advise or we are warning / advising or we do warn / advise
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form amātis in three different ways.
you (all) love / like or you (all) are loving / liking or you (all) do love / like
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form cūrō in three different ways.
I take care for or I am taking care for or I do take care for
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form lābōrat in three different ways.
he / she / it works or he / she / it is working or he / she / it does work
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form tenet in three different ways.
he / she / it holds or he / she / it is holding or he / she / it does hold
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form ambulās in three different ways.
you walk or you are walking or you do walk
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form vident in three different ways.
they see or they are seeing or they do see
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
Translate the Latin verb form habēs in three different ways.
you have / consider or you are having / considering or you do have / consider
Fun Fact: For example, the verb labōrō can mean I work, I am working, or I do work. The verb vidēs can mean you see, you are seeing, or you do see.
In what two ways is the Nominative case used in Latin?
Nominative Subject or Predicate Nominative
Fun Fact: The Nominative case is used for the subject of the verb, going in front of the verb in English. Subjects are the persons or things which do the action of the verb. Subjects go before verbs in English and are typically in the Nominative case in Latin. A Predicate Nominative will follow a linking verb.
How must a subject agree with its verb in Latin?
(Person and) Number
Fun Fact: That is, if the subject is singular, the verb must be singular. If the subject is plural, then the verb must also be plural.
What case is typically used to show the direct object of a Latin sentence?
Accusative
Fun Fact: A direct object is the person or thing affected by the action of the verb; in other words, it is the word which receives the action of the verb. In Latin, the accusative case is used for direct objects. The accusative case is used for the object of the verb, going after the verb in English.
What case(s) do most prepositions precede in Latin?
Accusative and Ablative
Fun Fact: A preposition is a word where the position of one thing is referred to, in relation to the position of another. Words such as into, from, and under are all prepositions in English. A prepositional phrase consists of the preposition + its object. Prepositions in Latin are followed by a word in either the Accusative or Ablative case. It is important to learn which case a preposition takes when studying the vocabulary entries for the chapter. A few prepositions, such as in, can take both the Accusative and the Ablative.
