AC4.2 Flashcards
How was smoking viewed in the 1930s?
-Somewhat healthy and recommended by doctors in adverts.
-Normal and fashionable.
-People could smoke indoors and next to children.
Modern laws regarding smoking.
-Can’t some in enclosed or public spaces, like shops.
-Can’t sell to anyone born after 2009.
-Cant smoke with children in the car.
-Health act 2006.
What lead to this changing perception in the 1960s?
-Children and families act 2014.
-Smoke-free areas and laws were introduced.
-1964 surgeon generals report linked smoking and lung cancer.
-Doctors no longer advertised or promoted smoking.
-ASH: action on smoking and health
Laws against drink driving.
-1925: first law banning drink driving. No clear definition of drunk, so many got away with it.
-3 months in prison, 2.5k fine, driving ban.
-Death: minimum of 14 years, up to a lie driving ban.
-1967: all police carry breathalyses.
-1983: high-risk offender scheme. Aimed to rehabilitate drink drivers so they could get their licence back.
Change in public perception of drink driving.
The knowledge on the severity increased: at first it was seen as hitting an idiot who got in front of the car, but became an innocent person.
The long-term consequences were more understood: permanent life changes to death.
This can be attributed to the change in media representation and the adverts raising awareness.
Reasons for change in public perception of homosexuality and LGBT rights.
-Secularisation: Britain became less religious, so left traditional values on sexual orientation behind.
-Protests: including Stonewall. Raised awareness and pressure the government to change legislation.
-Focus on equality: especially after WWII, people recognised that everyone should be treated equally.
Laws against LGBT rights.
-1533: sexual acts between 2 mean criminalised.
-Section 28: banned talking about homosexuality in state schools (Thatcher).
-1967: gay people were still banned from the army.
Laws for LGBT rights.
-1964+7: Wolfenden report. The government shouldn’t interfere in peoples’ relationships.
-1967: Decriminalised over 21.
-1981: Northern Island’s criminalisation found to go against human rights.
-1997: government recognises gay couples for immigration.
-2002: equality in adoption.
-2005: Homophobia recognised as hate crime.
-2010 Equality act.
The Windrush generation and its past perceptions.
-1948 Nationality act allowed commonwealth citizens to live in UK.
-492 West Indian people came on a boat. The media supported them.
-They had low-paying jobs.
-They met housing discrimination and racism from the public.
Race relation acts 1:1965.
Racial discrimination and its promotion made illegal.
Race relations act 2: 1968.
Expansion of 65. Recognised racial hate crimes. Targeted housing and employment discrimination. Assured that 2nd generation immigrants would have an education and get suitable jobs.
Race relations act 3: 1976.
Covered direct and indirect discrimination and policies put in place to disadvantage ethnic minorities.
(+2010 Equality act)
Reasons for changing attitudes towards ethnic minority communities.
-Socialisation+ education: children are thought to respect different ethnic and religious groups.
-Hate crime: more recognise. The public know the consequences.
-Media has limited its stereotyping and moved to realistic and diverse portrayals.
-Empathy and solidarity eg protests for the Black Lives Matter movement.
