AC1.1

Question 1

Define values.

Answer 1

Societal beliefs on how people should behave: what is right or wrong. Eg respect for human life.

Question 2

Define norms.

Answer 2

Rules and standards that dictate behaviour: what is normal.

Question 3

Define mores.

Answer 3

Essential rules that are vital and can not be broken without severe punishment. They are usually consistent among cultures.

Question 4

Why do norms and values differ with culture and time?

Answer 4

-Religion. Cultures with traditional religious beliefs may have stricter rules on sexuality eg Pakistan’s criminalisation of homosexuality.
-Role of women. Time periods that viewed women as more property have more misogynistic rules eg affairs in Victorian times.

Question 5

Define deviance.

Answer 5

Goes against the norms and values of society: socially unacceptable. Can be criminal or legal.
-Unusual/good: saying hello to everyone
-Eccentric/ bizarre: having 30 cats.
-Bad/disapproved of: swearing, most crime.

Question 6

Define formal sanctions.

Answer 6

Punishment for crime from a government or criminal justice system eg fines, imprisonment.

Question 7

Define informal sanctions.

Answer 7

Punishments from society or a community eg ridicule, exclusion, discrimination.

Question 8

Define crime.

Answer 8

Any action that is forbidden by law. Actus reus: guilty act: speeding.
Mens rea (STRICT LIABILITY): guilty mind: murder v manslaughter, diminished responsibility.