ac3.1: explain the role of agencies in achieving social control

Question 1

police - aims and objectives

Answer 1

• protect the public
• patrol the streets to look for crime
• maintain order
• make arrests
• investigate crime
• identify suspects

Question 2

police - funding

Answer 2

funded by the government via taxes

Question 3

police - philosophy

Answer 3

• integrity
• impartiality
• public service
• transparency
• equality and diversity

Question 4

police - working practices

Answer 4

• sergeant
• lieutenant
• patrol
• detectives
• constable
• mounted
• uniformed
• CID

Question 5

police - types of offender/crime

Answer 5

all offenders and all crimes

Question 6

police - reach

Answer 6

• there are 43 police forces in england and wales
• 39 in england and 4 in wales

Question 7

cps - aims and objectives

Answer 7

• created to allow for there to be separation between those who arrest and those who prosecute
• created by the prosecution of offences act 1985
• review evidence by the police and present and prosecute all cases

Question 8

cps - funding

Answer 8

funded by the HM treasury
- in 2019 they received £567 million

Question 9

cps - philosophy

Answer 9

• fair
• objective
• independent
• respect
• professionalism
• striving for excellence

Question 10

cps - working practices

Answer 10

full code test:
- evidential test
- public interest test

if these fail:
- threshold test

Question 11

cps - types of offender/crime

Answer 11

all offenders and all crimes

Question 12

cps - reach

Answer 12

• there are 14 branches of the cps
• yorkshire is our local

Question 13

judiciary - aims and objectives

Answer 13

• make sure everything is fair
• uphold the law - explain the law to the jury
• pass sentences
• ensure justice
• sum up the case

Question 14

judiciary - funding

Answer 14

• senior salaries review body (ssrb)
• average salary is £100k per year

Question 15

judiciary - philosophy

Answer 15

• independence
• impartiality
• integrity
• all judges take a judicial oath before each case

Question 16

judiciary - working practices

Answer 16

• district judges
• circuit judges
• crown, magistrates, supreme and court of appeal judges
• they all have security of tenure - their salary is guaranteed and they have job security

Question 17

judiciary - types of offender/crime

Answer 17

judges who work in higher courts deal with higher level offender

Question 18

judiciary - reach

Answer 18

there are 6 circuit judges in england and wales

Question 19

prisons - aims and objectives

Answer 19

• protect the public
• deters others or the individual from reoffending
• rehabilitation
• retribution

Question 20

prisons - funding

Answer 20

• the HM prison service is funded by the government
• private prisons are funded by private companies, e.g. G4S

Question 21

prisons - philosophy

Answer 21

• keeping in custody those sentenced by the court
• look after prisoners with humanity
• help prisoners lead law-abiding and useful lives

Question 22

prisons - working practices

Answer 22

category a (closed) - those who escape would be highly dangerous to the public or national security. e.g. terrorists and serial killers. e.g. HMP Frankland, HMP Full Sutton

category b (closed) - don’t require max security, but for who escape needs to be hard. e.g. mid level offences (1 murder). e.g. HMP Durham, HMP Pentonville

category c (closed) - can’t be trusted in open conditions but are unlikely to escape. e.g. mid level offences (ABH, GBH), e.g. HMP Holme House, HMP Northumberland

category d (open) -can be reasonably trusted to not escape and have the privilege of an open prison. subject to approval they may be given Release on Temporary License to Work in the Community. e.g. non violent, e.g. HMP Kirklevington, HMP Ford

Question 23

prisons - type of offender/crime

Answer 23

the most dangerous criminals who commit the highest level offences go to category a or b prisons

Question 24

prisons - reach

Answer 24

• 122 prisons in england and wales
• 105 ran by HM prison service
• 17 ran by private companies

Question 25

probation - aims and objectives

Answer 25

• rehabilitate offenders
• reintroduce them into society
• assess the level of risk an offender may present to the public

Question 26

probation - funding

Answer 26

funded by the national offender management service, via taxes

Question 27

probation - philosophy

Answer 27

• to believe offenders can change
• integrity
• to appreciate the rights of individuals
• to promote social justice and equality

Question 28

probation - working practices

Answer 28

• prepare pre-sentence reports for court
• helping/monitoring offenders getting out of prison and on a community sentence

Question 29

probation - type of offender/crime

Answer 29

• high risk offenders - murders, sex offenders, terrorists etc. (those on life sentences)
• medium to low risk - abh, fraud, burglary

Question 30

probation - reach

Answer 30

12 regions in england and wales

Question 31

prison reform trust - aims and objectives

Answer 31

• reduce the use of prison
• improve conditions for prisoners
• promote equality and human rights

Question 32

prison reform trust - funding

Answer 32

rely on voluntary donations and don’t accept government funding

Question 33

prison reform trust - working practices

Answer 33

• run a project for those with sentences of 10+ years aiming to make a positive impact on them and their families
• runa. project to ban PAVA spray, the use has become normalised

Question 34

prison reform trust - type of offenders/crime

Answer 34

all offenders and all crimes

Question 35

prison reform trust - reach

Answer 35

work all over england and wales to conduct research and run projects

Question 36

howard league for penal reform - aims and objectives

Answer 36

• less crime and a more humane response to prisoners
• safer communities
• less people in prison

Question 37

howard league for penal reform - funding

Answer 37

rely on voluntary donations and don’t accept government funding

Question 38

howard league for penal reform - working practices

Answer 38

• run a free and confidential legal advice service
• their ‘books for prisoners’ campaign was very successful
• they campaigned to reduce child arrests - fell by 58% since they started

Question 39

howard league for penal reform - type of offenders/crime

Answer 39

all offenders and all crimes

Question 40

howard league for penal reform - reach

Answer 40

work all over england and wales to conduct research and run projects