AC1.2: Describe the Organisation of the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales

Question 1

What are the 4 main parts of the C JS?

Answer 1

1.Law creation and administration – Parliament and the judiciary.
2. Law enforcement – The police.
3. The courts – Prosecution, defence, and trials.
4. Punishment of offenders – Prisons and probation services..

Question 2

the role of the police in the CJS?

Answer 2

•Investigate crimes.
•Arrest and detain suspects.
•Gather evidence.
•Issue cautions or penalty notices.
•Send cases to the CPS for prosecution decisions.

Question 3

What does the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) do?

Answer 3

Advise the police on evidence

Decides whether to prosecute.

Presents cases in court.

Question 4

What are the 2 main types of courts in England and wales ?

Answer 4

1. Magistrates’ Court - Deals with less serious offences (~95% of cases).
2. Crown Court - Handles serious offences, with a judge and jury.

Question 5

What are the roles of HM Prison and Probation Services?

Answer 5

• Prison Service supervises offenders in custody.

• Probation Service supervises offenders in the community and helps rehabilitation.

Question 6

How do the police and the CPS work together?

Answer 6

The police collect evidence, which they send to the CPS. The CPS decides if there is enough evidence and whether a prosecution s in the public interest.

Question 7

What is the role of HM Courts and Tribunals Service?

Answer 7

It manages court administration, ensures trials run smoothly, and handles legal aid.

Question 8

How does the probation service interact with the courts?

Answer 8

• Prepares pre-sentence reports on offenders.
• Supervises community sentences.
• Ensures offenders comply with court orders.

Question 9

Who identified the two main models of criminal justice?

Answer 9

Herbert Packer (1968).