AC1.3: Describe Models of Criminal Justice Flashcards
Who identified the two main models of criminal justice?
Herbert Packer (1968).
What are the two models of criminal justice?
- Crime Control Model
- Due Process Model
What is the key aim of the Crime Control Model?
To suppress crime by catching and punishing offenders quickly and efficiently.
What is the key assumption of the Crime Control Model?
Presumes guilt - trusts police investigations to identify offenders.
What is the “conveyor belt” analogy in the Crime Control Model?
describes a streamlined process where once a suspect is identified, the system moves quickly to prosecution and punishment.
What is a criticism of the Crime Control Model?
prioritises efficiency over fairness, leading to wrongful convictions.
What is the key aim of the Due Process Model?
To protect individuals from wrongful conviction and ensure fair trials.
What is the key assumption of the Due Process Model?
Presumes innocence until proven guilty.
What analogy is used for the Due Process Model?
An obstacle course, where prosecution must overcome barriers (legal safeguards) to prove guilt.
What is a weakness of the Due Process Model?
Some guilty people may go free due to legal technicalities.
How does the Crime Control Model link to criminological heories?
Right Realism - Believes in strict control of crime
Functionalism - Views punishment as reinforcing moral boundaries.
How does the Due Process Model link to criminological theories?
• Left Realism - Criticises over-policing in poor communities.
• Labelling Theory - Concerned about wrongful convictions and bias in justice.
How are both models evident in the UK justice system?
Due Process - Laws protect individuals (e.g., right to legal representation).
Crime Control - Police use stop-and-search powers to catch
criminals quickly.
