AC 2.2 Flashcards
What is retribution?
Paying back for a crime they have committed, punishment as vengeance.
What do right realists and rational choice theory say in relation to retribution?
Offenders weigh up the risk and the reward and have complete autonomy to choose whether they should commit the crime or not. Therefore, they should be punished for their crime.
What do functionalists say in relation to retribution?
Punishment acts as a form of boundary matinence, where punishment reminds society of the right and wrong way to behave.
What is an example of retribution?
Fines for low child attendance in education
What is the problem with retribution?
It prioritises punishment over treatment e.g offenders with mental health issues do not go to facilities to help them, they go to prison which makes mental health seem like a crime
What is deterrance?
To put off an offender from re offending or to put of crime altogether
What do social learning theorists say in relation to deterrance?
If an individual sees their role model being punished they are less likely to commit the crime themselves
What do rational choice theorists say about deterrence?
If the risk of a crime is increased or outweighs the reward, it will act as a deterrent
What is the problem in relation to deterrence?
Prisons can be schools to teach people how to commit crime, especially how to get away with it.
What is an example of deterrence?
Margaret Thatcher short sharp shock
What is involved in protection of the public?
Taking an offender out of the public so they can no longer pose a risk to society
What to right realists say in relation to protection of the public?
criminals have chosen to commit the crime and should therefore stay in prison as they have chosen to commit the crime once so they will again
what does lombroso say in relation to protection of the public?
Those with atavistic features should be kept in prison to protect the public as they are biologically criminal
What is an example of protection of the public?
Americas 3 strike rule, where the 3rd offence will get a harsher sentence
What is the problem with protection of the public?
It increases the population of prisons that are already over full and it doesn’t deal with the root cause of the crime being committed
What is rehabilitation?
Changing the behaviours of an offender
What does Eysenck say in relation to rehabilitation?
Aversion therapy can be used to condition offender to associate negative responses to bad behaviour
How can cognitive behavioural therapy be used in relation to rehabilitation?
It can be used to correct errors in an offenders behaviour that leads them to commit crime.
What is an example of rehabilitation?
Anger management, drug treatment
What is the problem with rehabilitation?
Funding cuts has meant that rehabilitation programmes aren’t run as well as they could be, or aren’t run at all.
It is easier for an offender to access these programmes in prison, it is seen as a luxury.
