AC 2.2

Question 1

What is retribution?

Answer 1

Paying back for a crime they have committed, punishment as vengeance.

Question 2

What do right realists and rational choice theory say in relation to retribution?

Answer 2

Offenders weigh up the risk and the reward and have complete autonomy to choose whether they should commit the crime or not. Therefore, they should be punished for their crime.

Question 3

What do functionalists say in relation to retribution?

Answer 3

Punishment acts as a form of boundary matinence, where punishment reminds society of the right and wrong way to behave.

Question 4

What is an example of retribution?

Answer 4

Fines for low child attendance in education

Question 5

What is the problem with retribution?

Answer 5

It prioritises punishment over treatment e.g offenders with mental health issues do not go to facilities to help them, they go to prison which makes mental health seem like a crime

Question 6

What is deterrance?

Answer 6

To put off an offender from re offending or to put of crime altogether

Question 7

What do social learning theorists say in relation to deterrance?

Answer 7

If an individual sees their role model being punished they are less likely to commit the crime themselves

Question 8

What do rational choice theorists say about deterrence?

Answer 8

If the risk of a crime is increased or outweighs the reward, it will act as a deterrent

Question 9

What is the problem in relation to deterrence?

Answer 9

Prisons can be schools to teach people how to commit crime, especially how to get away with it.

Question 10

What is an example of deterrence?

Answer 10

Margaret Thatcher short sharp shock

Question 11

What is involved in protection of the public?

Answer 11

Taking an offender out of the public so they can no longer pose a risk to society

Question 12

What to right realists say in relation to protection of the public?

Answer 12

criminals have chosen to commit the crime and should therefore stay in prison as they have chosen to commit the crime once so they will again

Question 13

what does lombroso say in relation to protection of the public?

Answer 13

Those with atavistic features should be kept in prison to protect the public as they are biologically criminal

Question 14

What is an example of protection of the public?

Answer 14

Americas 3 strike rule, where the 3rd offence will get a harsher sentence

Question 15

What is the problem with protection of the public?

Answer 15

It increases the population of prisons that are already over full and it doesn’t deal with the root cause of the crime being committed

Question 16

What is rehabilitation?

Answer 16

Changing the behaviours of an offender

Question 17

What does Eysenck say in relation to rehabilitation?

Answer 17

Aversion therapy can be used to condition offender to associate negative responses to bad behaviour

Question 18

How can cognitive behavioural therapy be used in relation to rehabilitation?

Answer 18

It can be used to correct errors in an offenders behaviour that leads them to commit crime.

Question 19

What is an example of rehabilitation?

Answer 19

Anger management, drug treatment

Question 20

What is the problem with rehabilitation?

Answer 20

Funding cuts has meant that rehabilitation programmes aren’t run as well as they could be, or aren’t run at all.
It is easier for an offender to access these programmes in prison, it is seen as a luxury.