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Shae Cards > ABx review > Flashcards

ABx review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classes of penicillins?

A 
Natural PCNs
Aminopenicillins
Anti-staphylococcal PCNs
Augmented AminoPCNs
Augmented Extended-Spectrum PCNs
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2
Q

Name some Natural PCNs and route of admin

A 
Pen G (IV or IM)
Pen VK (PO)
Benzathine PCN - aka Bicillin LA (long acting IM)
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3
Q

What do natural PCNs commonly treat?

A

Strep pharyngitis / cellulitis

Syphilis - benzathine PCN (Bicillin LA)

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4
Q

Name some AminoPCNs and route of admin

A

Ampicillin (IV)

Amoxicillin (PO)

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5
Q

What pathogens do aminoPCNs cover?

A 
Strep pyogenes
strep agalactaie
Strep pneumo
Enterococci
Borrelia burgdorferi
Listeria
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6
Q

AminoPCNs commonly treat

A 
Pharyngitis
sinusitis 
Otitis media
endocarditis prophylaxis 
Lyme disease (age <8)
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7
Q

Name some Anti-Staphylococcal PCNs and route of admin

A

Nafcillin (IV)

Dicloxacillin (PO)

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8
Q

Anti-staphylococcal PCNs commonly treat

A

Skin and soft tissue infections (Staph) - NOT MRSA

Will work against strep

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9
Q

Name some Augmented AminoPCNs and route of admin

A

Ampicillin/sulbactim (Unasyn IV)

Amoxicillin/clavulanate (augmentin PO)

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10
Q

Pathogens covered by Augmented AminoPCNs

A 
Strep pyogenes
Strep agalactaie
Step pneumo
Enterococci
Borelia burgdorferi
Listeria 
PASTURELLA
MORAXELLA
HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA
ANAEROBES

NOT MRSA

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11
Q

Augmented AminoPCNs commonly treat

A

Bites
OM, Sinusitis, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Dental infections
Skin and soft tissue infections

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12
Q

Name the Augmented Extended-spectrum PCNs

A

Pip/Tazo (zosyn IV)

NOT MRSA

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13
Q

What groups of pathrogens are covered by Augmented Extended-spectrum PCNs

A

Borad spectrum (gram +/-) and Pseudo

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14
Q

MOA of PCNs

A

Stops cell wall synthesis by binding PCN binding proein

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15
Q

MOR of PCNs

A

B lactamase and PBP alteration

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16
Q

PCNs cidal or static?

A

Cidal

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17
Q

PCNs are eliminated how?

A

Renally

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18
Q

MOA of cephalosporins

A

Stops cell wall synthesis by binding pcn binding protein

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19
Q

MOR of cephalosporins

A

B lactamases

20
Q

ADR of cephalosporins

A

Ceftriaxone linked to biliary sludging/pseudocholelithiasis

21
Q

Cefazolin (Ancef IV) is what class

A

1st Gen cephalosporin

22
Q

Cephalexin (Keflex PO) is what class

A

1st gen cephalosporin

23
Q

Coverage from 1st Gen cephalosporins

A

Gram + excellent (not MRSA)
minimal gram -
Strep pyogenes, MSSA
some e. coli, klebsiella, proteus

24
Q

Common treatment indications for 1st gen ceph

A

Skin and soft tissue infections
Step pharyngitis
Pre op prophylaxis (cefazolin)
Uncomplicated cystitis

25
Q

Cefuroxime (Ceftin PO) Class

A

2nd Gen Cephalosporin

26
Q

Coverage from Cefuroxime

A 
Same as 1st Gen Ceph +
Strep Pneumo
M. Cat
H. Flu
(Respiratory)
27
Q

Common treatment indications for Cefuroxime (2nd Gen Ceph)

A

OM
Sinusitis
Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Skin / soft tissue infections

28
Q

Name 2 common 3rd Gen cephalosporins

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin IM/IV)

Cefdinir (Omnicef PO)

29
Q

Coverage from 3rd Gen Ceph

A

Gram -
some Gram +
NOT enterococcus or MRSA

30
Q

Which 3rd gen ceph crosses BBB?

A

Ceftriaxone

31
Q

Common treatment indications for 3rd Gen ceph

A

CAP
meningitis
Gonorrhea
Pyelonephritis

32
Q

Cefepime (IV) is what class

A

4th Gen cephalosporin

33
Q

Coverage from cefepime

A

Most gram - rods

pseudomonas

34
Q

Ceftaroline (Telflaro IV) is what class

A

5th Gen (Next Generation) cephalosporins

35
Q

Coverage from 5th Gen ceph

A

Very broad gram - and gram +

MRSA

36
Q

Common treatment indications for 5th gen ceph

A

Pneumonia

Skin / soft tissue infections

37
Q

name 3 common tetracyclines

A

Tetracycline
minocycline
doxycycline (PO / IV)

38
Q

Coverage from Tetracyclines

A 
Strep pneumo
M. Cat
H. flue
Chlamydia
Legionella
Mycoplasma 
Rickettsia
Ehrlichia
Borella
S. aureus / MRSA
39
Q

MOA of tetracyclines

A

Protein synthesis inhibition at 30S bacterial ribosome

40
Q

MOR for tetracyclines

A

Efflux pump

41
Q

Tetracyclines static or cidal?

A

Static

42
Q

Tetracycline elimination?

A

Split excretion

43
Q

ADR’s of tetracycline

A

Photosensitivity
Contraindicated in prego / kids <8
(except in Rocky mtn spotted fever)

44
Q

Common treatment indications for tetracyclines

A 
Sinusitis 
Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchiits
CAP
Non gonococcal urethritis / cervicitis 
Tick borne diseases (lime, rickettsia)
45
Q

Why don’t you combine tetracycline with isotretinoin?

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

46
Q

What causes decreased absorption of tetracyclines

A

Ca++

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