ABX: MOA, MOR, Classes

Question 1

Which antibiotic classes inhibit cell wall formation?

Answer 1

• penicillins
• cephalosporins
• carbapenems
• monobactams

Question 2

MOA of Vancomycin

Answer 2

inhibits cell wall formation at earlier step than beta-lactams

Question 3

MOA of Fluoroquinolones

Answer 3

inhibit topoisomerases and DNA replication

Question 4

MOA of TMP/SMX

Answer 4

-inhibit DNA, RNA, protein synthesis (blocks folate pathway)

Question 5

Which antibiotic classes inhibit protein synthesis at the ribosomes?

Answer 5

• aminoglycosides
• tetracyclines
• clindamycin

Question 6

MOA of Macrolides

Answer 6

-inhibit RNA-dependent protein synthesis

Question 7

MOA of Metronidazole

Answer 7

-reactive metabolites damage DNA

Question 8

Mech of Resistance of Penicillins

Answer 8

• beta lactamase

- altered penicillin binding proteins (PBPs)

Question 9

Mech of Resistance of Cephalosporins

Answer 9

• beta lactamase

- altered penicillin binding proteins (PBPs)

Question 10

Mech of Resistance of Carbapenem

Answer 10

antagonism with other beta lactams

Question 11

Mech of Resistance of Vancomycin

Answer 11

-VRE/VRSA

Question 12

Mech of Resistance of Fluoroquinolones

Answer 12

• efflux pump
• gene mutations
• decreased permeability

Question 13

Mech of Resistance of TMP/SMX

Answer 13

gene mutations

Question 14

Mech of Resistance of Aminoglycosides

Answer 14

• inactivation by enzymes

- decreased binding/uptake

Question 15

Mech of Resistance of Tetracyclines

Answer 15

• decreased permeability
• efflux pump
• altered PBPs

Question 16

What are the classes of penicillin antibiotics?

Answer 16

-Narrow spectrum/natural
-Penicillinase-resistant penicillins (anti-staph)
-Extended Spectrum:
Amino-penicillins (+ beta-lactamase inhibitors)
Anti-pseudomonal penicillins (+/- beta-lactamase inhibitors)

Question 17

What are the classes of cephalosporin antibiotics?

Answer 17

1st-3rd generations

Question 18

What are the classes of fluoroquinolone antibiotics?

Answer 18

1st-4th generations

Question 19

What are the classes of macrolide antibiotics?

Answer 19

• Azithromycin
• Clarithromycin
• Erythromycin

Question 20

Penicillin General Structure

Answer 20

-garage and house structure

beta lactam ring and 5 side thiazolidine ring

Question 21

Cephalosporin General Structure

Answer 21

-garage and house with a porch

beta lactam ring and 6 side dihydrothiazine ring

Question 22

Carbapenem General Structure

Answer 22

-garage and house w/ attic and clothesline

beta lactam ring and 5 side carbapenem ring with long chain coming off the attic

Question 23

Fluoroquinolone General Structure

Answer 23

-3 hexagonal rings