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Abx & Friends Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonic

The Queens Guidance Counsellor Finds Abx Can Protect Large Royal Members

A
  • tetracyclines
  • fluoroquinolones
  • glyco/lipopeptides
  • cephalosporins
  • folate antagonists
  • aminoglycosides
  • carbapenems
  • penicillins
  • lincosamides
  • rifampin
  • metronidazole
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2
Q

Gram coverage of tetracyclines

A

+/-

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3
Q

Name one tetracycline and what it can treat

A

Doxycycline - chlamydia trach., Treponema pallidum, MRSA

PO/IV

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4
Q

Name some contraindications or adverse effects for tetracyclines

A

Do not use with penicillins

AEs: teeth discoloration, photosensitivity

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5
Q

What is the gram coverage of Fluoroquinolones

A

+/-

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6
Q

What are some AEs of fluoroquinolones

A

tendon ruptures, QT prolongation

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7
Q

Name some examples of a fluoroquinolone and what they treat

A

Levofloxacin (pneumonia), Ciprofloxacin (enteric, pseudomonas, Neisseria)

PO/IV

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8
Q

Name some AEs of glyco/lipopeptides

A

Infusion reactions, “red man” syndrome

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9
Q

What is the gram coverage of glyco/lipopeptides

A

+

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10
Q

Name an example of a glyco/lipopeptide and what it can treat

A

Vancomycin (s. aureus, MRSA, MRSE, C. diff)

PO/IV

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11
Q

What is the gram coverage of cephalosporins

A

+/- (increasing negative coverage with higher generations)

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12
Q

What are some AEs of cephalosporins

A

allergies, red stools, biliary sludge

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13
Q

Name some examples of each generation of cephalosporin and what they can treat

A

1: cephalexin (PO), cephazolin (IV) - E. coli, Kleibsiella
2: Cephaclor (PO) - Neisseria
3: Ceftriaxone (IV), Cefdinir (PO) - gonorrhea, meningitis
4: Cephapine (IV) - pseudomonas aeruginosa
5: Cefteroline (IV) - MRSA

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14
Q

Name an AE of folate antagonists

A

steven’s johnson’s syndrome

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15
Q

What is the gram coverage of folate antagonists

A

+/-

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15
Q

What is an example of a folate antagonist

A

Sulfamethoxazole/Bactrim

PO/IV

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15
Q

What is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides

A

ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

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15
Q

What is an example of an aminoglycoside and what can it treat

A

Gentamycin (IV) - pseudomonas, pneumonia

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15
Q

What is the gram coverage of aminoglycosides

A

-

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15
Q

What is an adverse effect of carbapenems

A

seizures

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15
Q

what is the gram coverage of carbapenems

A

+/-

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16
Q

What are some examples of carbapenems

A

Meropenem (IV)
Imepenem (IV) - broadest coverage

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17
Q

What are some side effects of penicillins

A

allergy, rash, diarrhea

18
Q

what is the gram coverage of penicillins

19
What are some of the classes of penicillins and some examples
Natural: PCN G (IM), PCN V (PO) - Neiserria meningitides, treponema pallidum Amino: Amox/Clav (PO), Amp/Sulb (PO) - E. coli, salmonella, anaerobes Pseud: Pip/taz (IV): pseudomonal
20
What is an adverse effect of macrolides
QT prolongation
21
What is the gram coverage of macrolides
+
22
What is an example of a macrolide and what it treats
Azithromycin (PO/IV) - atypicals, chlamydia, legionella
23
What is an adverse effect of lincosamides
increased C. diff risk
24
What is the gram coverage of lincosamides
+
25
Name a lincosamide and what it can treat
Clindamycin (PO/IV) - anaerobes, MRSA
26
What is the gram coverage of Rifampin
+/-
27
What is an AE of rifampin
orange/red body fluids
28
What is the gram coverage of metronidazole
+/-
29
What is an adverse effect of metronidazole
dark urine
30
What can metronidazole treat ## Footnote PO/IV
anaerobes, protozoals: giardia, trichomonas
31
What are some biologic/Kinase inhibitor DMARDs
Humira/adalimumab, Enbrel/etanercept (TNF-a inhibitors) ## Footnote sub-q
32
What is an example of a traditional DMARD
methotrexate (PO)
33
Name a glucocorticoid and its route
prednisone (PO)
34
name some non-opioid pain agents
acetaminophen, aspirine, duloxetine (SSNRI), gabapentin (delta ligands)
35
name some opioid pain meds
hydrocodone-acetaminophen (Vicodin), oxycodone (oxycontin)
36
name some NSAIDs
diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacine, toradol, naproxen
37
name some muscle relaxers
cyclobenzaprine, diazepam
38
name some gout meds
allopurinol (nonselective), colchicine (antigout)
39
what would you likely use to treat osteomyelitis
Fluoroquinolones (no residual infected bone = 2-5 days PO, residual infected bone = 6 weeks PO, hardware = 6 weeks IV then 12 weeks PO)
40
Would you use PO or IV vancomycin for MRSA
IV because PO isn't as bioavailable
41
Name some drugs with high oral bioavailability
Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Fluoroquinolones, Doxycycline, Oxazolidinones, Rifampin
42
What would you use empirically for osteomyelitis or infected prosthetic joints (IV)
Vancomycin (for MRSA) + Cefepime (3/4th gen ceph for gram -)
43
What would you use to treate septic arthritis empirically (IV)
Vancomycin (gram+) + Cefepime (Gram-), + Gentamicin or cipro (pseudomonas)
44
What would you use for all open fractures emperically (IV)
Cefazolin and vancomycin (add coverage for contaminations)
45
Directed IV therapy for MSSA infection
nafcillin, oxacillin, or cefazolin
46
Directed IV therapy for MRSA infection
Vancomycin or daptomycin
47
Directed IV therapy for strep infection
PCN G, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, or vanco
48
directed IV therapy for gram- infections
ciproflox, levoflox, ceftazidime, cefepime, ertapenem, meropenem
49
Directed IV therapy for enterococcus
pcn G, ampicillin, vanco, dapto
50
Directed PO therapy for MSSA infection
dicloxacillin, cefadroxil, cephalexin
51
Directed PO therapy for MRSA
smx-tmp, doxycycline, clindamycin

MSK (9 decks)

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