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DBP Cert > ABP Content Specs #1 Developmental Milestones > Flashcards

ABP Content Specs #1 Developmental Milestones Flashcards

1
Q

Reflex with sudden extension and abduction of upper extremities with hands open followed by flexion of upper extremities to midline (“startle reflex”)

A

Moro reflex

occurs spontaneous to loud noises or by holding supine infant’s hand and releasing hands suddenly

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2
Q

Reflex called “fencer posture”; with active or passive head rotation the baby extends the arm and leg on the face side and flexes the extremities on the c/l side

A

Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

involves proprioceptors in cervical vertebrae

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3
Q

when does ATNR reflex disappear?

A

4-6 months

If ATNR reflex persists then infant can’t roll from back to front, bring hands to midline or reach for objects

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4
Q

when does Moro reflex disappear?

A

by 6 months

If Moro reflex persists then interferes with head control and sitting

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5
Q

When do postural reactions (e.g. righting and protection responses like catching yourself when falling forward/sideways) happen?

A

6- 9 months

around time baby learns to move into seated position and then to hands and knees

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6
Q

At what age can child kick a ball, jump with two feet off floor, and throw a big ball overhand?

A

2 years

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7
Q

gross motor milestone

age at lift head only?

A

1 month

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8
Q

gross motor milestone

age at lifts head prone to wrists or have head control?

A

4 months

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9
Q

gross motor milestone

age you roll over prone to supine (on front to back)?

A

4 months

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10
Q

gross motor milestone

age you roll over supine to prone (on back to front?)

A

5 months

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11
Q

gross motor milestone

age you sit supported?

A

5 months

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12
Q

gross motor milestone

age you sit unsupported?

A

6 months

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13
Q

gross motor milestone

age you come to sit?

A

8 months

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14
Q

gross motor milestone

age you crawl?

A

8 months

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15
Q

gross motor milestone

age you pull to stand?

A

9 months

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16
Q

gross motor milestone

age you cruise?

A

9 months

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17
Q

gross motor milestone

age you stand well and walk alone?

A

12 months

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18
Q

What direction do you have motor development?

A

cephalo-caudal or developing muscular control from head downward (1st neck then upper body/arms, then lower trunk and legs)

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19
Q

what age you do raking motion? (e.g. using entire palm oward ulnar side)

A

5 months - raking grasp

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20
Q

what age do you use radial aspect of palm for grasping?

A

7 months - palmar radial grasp

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21
Q

what age do you have voluntary release of objects (i.e. transferring objects from one hand to other hands)?

A

6 months

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22
Q

what age do you have grasp with using all four fingers against the thumb (“scissor” rasp)?

A

8 months

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23
Q

what age do you have two fingers and thumb to do grasp?

A

9 months

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24
Q

what age do you have immature pincer grasp

A

10 months?

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25
Q

what age can babies put things into containers and dump them out repeatedly?

A

12 months

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26
Q

what age can you stack 3-4 blocks and release small objects into containers?

A

15 months

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27
Q

what age do you pick up crayon and spontaneously scribble?

A

18 months

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28
Q

what age do you adjust a spoon to use if consistently for eating?

A

20 months

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29
Q

what age can you create 6 block tower, feed self with spoon and fork, remove clothing, and grasp/turn door knob?

A

2 years

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30
Q

what age can you imitate a vertical and horizontal line?

A

2 years

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31
Q

what age can you draw a circle, put on shoes, and stack 10 blocks?

A

3 years

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32
Q

what age can you unbutton clothes and string small beads?

A

3 years

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33
Q

what age do you have palmar tripod grasp to hold pencil, copy cross/square, and some letters and numbers, cut a circle using scissors?

A

4 years

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34
Q

what age can you dress/undress independently, brush teeth well, spread with a knife, print name, copy a triangle, cut a square with scissors?

A

5 years

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35
Q

what age do you have fine pincer grasp of pellet?

A

12 months

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36
Q

what is progression of fine motor development (direction)?

A

midline to lateral fashion/direction (proximo-distal)

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37
Q

what age can stand without pulling up?

A

14 months

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38
Q

what age creep up stairs?

A

15 months

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39
Q

what age walks well?

A

14 months

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40
Q

what age walk backwards?

A

16 months

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41
Q

what age runs well?

A

18 months

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42
Q

what age stoops to pick up toy?

A

15 months

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43
Q

what age walks up stairs holding 1 hand?

A

16 months

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44
Q

what age throws ball standing?

A

18 months

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45
Q

what age kicks ball with demo?

A

22 months

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46
Q

what age throws overhand?

A

24 months

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47
Q

what age stands on one foot?

A

24 months

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48
Q

what age 3 hops in place?

A

36 months

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49
Q

what age balance on one foot for 3 seconds?

A

3 years

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50
Q

what age goes upstairs alternating feet and no handrail?

A

3 years

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51
Q

what age pedal a tricycle?

A

3 years

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52
Q

what age gallops?

A

4 years

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53
Q

what age going downstairs alternating feet with rail?

A

5 years

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54
Q

what age skips?

A

5 years

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55
Q

what age running broad jump 2-3 feet?

A

5 years

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56
Q

what age copies circle?

A

3 years

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57
Q

what age imitate bridge with blocks?

A

3 years

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58
Q

what age copies triangle?

59
Q

what age builds stairs with modeL?

60
Q

what age draws diamond?

61
Q

what age do letter reversals disappear?

62
Q

what age stay on line when writing?

63
Q

what age alerts to voice/sounds?

64
Q

what age coo, vowel-like noises?

65
Q

what age social smile?

66
Q

what age regards speaker?

67
Q

what age chuckles?

68
Q

what age vocalizes when talked to?

69
Q

what age orients to voice?

70
Q

what age laughs out loud?

71
Q

what age orients to bell?

72
Q

what age responds to name?

A

6- 9 months

73
Q

what age razz, squeal?

74
Q

what age babbles?

75
Q

what age responds to “come here”?

76
Q

what age looks for family members?

77
Q

what age imitates sounds?

78
Q

what age does gesture/social games (pat-a-cake, peek-a-boo, I get you)?

79
Q

what age wave back bye?

80
Q

what age mama/dada specific?

81
Q

what age follows command with gesture?

A

11-12 months

82
Q

what age first words other than mama/dada?

83
Q

what age immature jargon (inflection without real words)?

84
Q

what age 1 step command without gesture?

85
Q

what age names 1 object?

86
Q

what age points to 1 body part?

87
Q

what age mature jargoning with real words?

88
Q

what age 3 body parts?

89
Q

how many words at 18 months?

A

10-25 words

90
Q

what age 25-50 words?

A

22 months or around 2 years

91
Q

what age follows 2 step commands?

92
Q

what age 2 word sentence/phrase (noun + verb)?

93
Q

what age 50+ words?

94
Q

what age intelligibility to strangers is 50%?

95
Q

what age refers to self by name?

96
Q

what age begins to use pronouns like I, me, you?

97
Q

what age is echolalia or jargoning gone?

98
Q

what age counts to 3?

99
Q

what age start to use past tenses?

100
Q

what age uses sentences 3-4 words?

101
Q

what # of words by 3 years?

102
Q

what age points to parts of pictures (e.g. nose of cow, door of car)?

103
Q

what age identifies 3 colors?

104
Q

how many words at age 4 years?

105
Q

what ages use “feeling” words?

106
Q

what age tells stories?

107
Q

at age 4, can name how many colors or numbers?

A

4 colors, count to 4, 100% intelligible

108
Q

what age can count from 1-10?

109
Q

what age knows address or phone number?

110
Q

what age follows 3 step commands?

111
Q

what age knows right and left on self?

112
Q

what age produces rhyming words?

113
Q

what age responds to “why” questions?

114
Q

what age knows days, months?

115
Q

what age tells time?

116
Q

joint attention skills at 8-10 months?

A

gaze monitoring

117
Q

joint attention skills at 10-12 months?

A

follow a point

118
Q

joint attention skills at 12-14 months?

A

proto-imperative pointing (point to request)

119
Q

joint attention skills at 14-16 months

A

proto-declarative pointing (point to show)

120
Q

showing of objects at what age?

A

14-16 months

121
Q

social/play milestones at 4 months?

A

shows interest in watching people’s faces, smiles back, initiates smiles

122
Q

social/play milestones at 6 months?

A

relates to parents with real joy, smiles often while playing with parent

123
Q

social/play milestones at 9 months?

A

back and forth smiles, gestures, sounds; do give-and-take activities

124
Q

social/play milestones at 12 months?

A

orients to name
uses gestures to get needs met
plays peek-a-boo, pat-a-cake
repeats actions that others clap for

125
Q

social/play milestones older than 12 months?

A

functional or relational play
-use of simple objects for intended function (e.g brush for hair)
-combining toys that are functionally related (bowl + spoon, truck + driver)
-making objects do what they are made to do (turn handle on jack in box)

126
Q

play milestones at 15 months?

A

12-15 months: early pretend play (e.g. pretend eating, drinking - based on real life)

127
Q

social milestones at 15 months?

A

checks parents’ facial expressions after unexpected stimulus and then reacts accordingly

uses sounds, pointing, or other showing gestures to draw attention to objects of interest

begins to show empathy (becomes concerned when others cry)

128
Q

simple pretend play directed at inanimate objects?

A

age 18 months (e.g. feeding baby doll with play bottle)

129
Q

play milestones at 24 months?

A

around 18-24 months use object to represent something else (e.g. wooden peg is bottle to feed baby)

engage in 2 step pretend play (feed doll then put doll to sleep) without prompt from adult

enjoys being next to other chlidren

shows interest in play, may offer child a toy

130
Q

play milestones at 36 months?

A

-talking for doll/action figure
-extensive use of imaginary objects
-plays with other children
-shows/tells another child about favorite toy
-talks about feelings (hungry, sleepy, sad) past and future

131
Q

play milestones at 3-5 years?

A

child can imagine self as imaginary characters in play (role play)

132
Q

what age can child follow simple rules and directions during play?

133
Q

social milestones at 5-6 years?

A

-learns adult social skills like giving praise, apologizing for unintentional mistakes
-likes to spend more time in peer groups and relates to groups of friends
-complex imaginative play, play gets more cooperative (dress up, act out fantasies)
-begins to understand imagination is not real

134
Q

social milestones at 7-8 years?

A

-fully understand rules and regulations
-can take charge of simple chores and understands responsibilities
-learn more complex coping skills; finding best friend is common
-relates more to same gender

135
Q

social milestones at 9-10 years?

A

-peer and friends take precedence over family
-increasing independent decision-making skills
-can use responsibilities and chores to earn time with friends

136
Q

social milestones at 12-13 years?

A

-greater independence and more committed to peer groups
-indulge in risky behavior to explore uncertain emotions and impress peer groups

137
Q

what is temperament?

A

-innate attribute that defines the child’s approach to the world and his interaction with environment across 9 dimensions

-9 dimensions: activity level, distractibility, intensity of emotions, regularity, sensory threshold, tendency to approach vs withdraw, adaptability, persistence, mood quality
-intrinsic to child; can describe like “style” or “personality”
-temperament influences how infant responds to routine activities like feeding, dressing, playing, going to sleep

138
Q

type of temperament: friendly, easy going, comply with routines like sleep and meal times, adapt to changes, and calm disposition?

A

easy or flexible temperament

139
Q

type of temperament: fussy, do not follow routines and have irregular feeding and sleeping schedules, apprehensive of a new environment and new people, intense reactions, get easily upset?

A

active or feisty temperament

140
Q

type of temperament: less engage or active, shy disposition to a new situation and new people, may withdraw or have negative reaction, become more comfortable and warm up with repeated exposure to new people

A

slow to warm or cautious temperament

141
Q

what part of brain is responsible for receiving, processing, and interpreting environment stimuli that produce emotional responses?

A

limbic system

142
Q

age you develop object permanence (know that something still exists even if it is not in front of your eyes)?

A

9-10 months

143
Q

symbolic play?

A

using one object to represent another object (e.g. “cook” favorite food in toy kitchen and use paper to represent “food”)

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