Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

bleeding that occurs more often than every 21 days

A

Polymenorrhea

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2
Q

bleeding that occurs less frequently than every 35 days

A

Oligomenorrhea

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3
Q

bleeding between periods

A

Metrorrhagia

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4
Q

Mean blood loss per normal cycle is

A

40ml

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5
Q

Normal menstrual bleeding lasts an average of _ days

A

5

range 2-7 days

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6
Q

Abnormal uterine bleeding was previously called or referred to as

A

“dysfunctional uterine bleeding” AKA “DUB”

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7
Q

AUB

Classified by the descriptive terms denoting the bleeding pattern:

A

(a) Heavy
(b) Light
(c) Menstrual(d) Intermenstrual

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8
Q

Etiologies for AUB (PALM-COEIN)

A
Polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
Malignancy (and hyperplasia)
Coagulopathy
Ovulatory dysfunction (most common anovulation)
Endometrial (commonly hypaplasia)
Iatrogenic
Not yet classified
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9
Q

PALM are ______ in nature

A

“structural”

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10
Q

In adolescents, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is usually the
result of what?
What causes this?

A

anovulation (not yet ovulating)

  • -Due to immature hypothalamic-pituitary ovarian axis; and is mostly anovulation
  • -Considered normal
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11
Q

Once regular menses is established what is the most common cause of AUB?

A

ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O)

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12
Q

AUB in women 19-39 is often the result of?

A

(a) Pregnancy
(b) Structural lesions
(c) Anovulatory cycles
(d) Use of hormonal contraceptives
(e) Endometrial hyperplasia

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms of what issue?

(1) May have painful menstrual cramping
(2) May be asymptomatic except for spotting
(3) Depending on the amount of blood, you could have signs of anemia
- –(a) Fatigue
- –(b) Pallor
- –(c) Lightheadedness or dizziness with exertion
- –(d) Pica (craving or chewing substances that have no nutritional value, such as ice, clay, soil, or paper) owing to low iron
(e) Weakness
(f) HA

A

AUB

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14
Q

Treatment

All patients with abnormal uterine bleeding should be referred to

A

OB-GYN

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15
Q

Treatment AUB

A

(1) All patients with abnormal uterine bleeding should be referred to OB-GYN
(2) For premenopausal patients treatment depends on etiology of the AUB
(3) AUB secondary to certain causes may require definitive treatment
(4) AUB-O
- –(a) Treated hormonally with progestin to oppose estrogen
- –(b) NSAIDS at normal doses can reduce the amount of blood loss

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16
Q

Follow up for AUB

A

As dictated by OB-GYN

17
Q

True/False

Postmenopausal bleeding is cancer until proven otherwise

A

True

18
Q

What is Vaginal bleeding that occurs 6 months or more following cessation of menstrual cycle?

A

Postmenopausal bleeding

19
Q

what is an important tool in evaluating the etiology of Postmenopausal bleeding.

A

Transvaginal ultrasound measurement of the endometrium

20
Q

Complications of AUB

Depends on the underlying cause but can include:

A

(a) Anemia

(b) Infertility