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Clinical Neuro-Optometry > ABNORMAL PUPIL REACTIONS > Flashcards

ABNORMAL PUPIL REACTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Categories of abnormal pupil reactions

A

Marcus Gunn pupil
Parinaud’s syndrome
Agryll Robertson pupil

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2
Q

(T or F) Any lesion located from the retina to the pretectal nucleus is considered a relative efferent pupillary defect

A

F- relative afferent pupillary defect

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3
Q

(T or F) Any lesion located from pre-ganglionic to postganglionic fiber is considered a relative afferent pupillary defect

A

F- relative efferent pupillary defect

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4
Q

Also known as relative afferent pupillary defect

A

Marcus Gunn Pupil

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5
Q

Other name for Marcus Gunn Pupil

A

Pupillary escape

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6
Q

This indicates damage at or anterior to the LGN (afferent pathway) specifically the retinal ganglion cells to optic chiasm of one eye

A

MGP

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7
Q

Marcus Gunn Pupil is caused by a damage that is bilateral or asymmetric as seen in several retinal dse.

A

F- unilateral

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8
Q

Diseases that causes Marcus Gunn Pupil

A

CRAO
CRVO
BRVO
Optic Atrophy
Marked retinal detachment
Asymmetric POAG

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9
Q

(T or F) Loss of vision due to corneal, lenticular, vitreous, refractive or emotional causes will produce the Marcus Gunn response

A

F- will not produce

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10
Q

(T or F) In swinging flashlight test, an eye affected with MGP, the consensual response is greater than the direct response.

A

TRUE

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11
Q

Also known as Whore’s Pupil

A

Argyll Robertson Pupil

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12
Q

A parasympathetic condition that is central and bilateral in nature

A

Argyll Robertson Pupil

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13
Q

Characteristics of Argyll Robertson Pupil

A
  1. Dilates poorly in the darkness
  2. Responds poorly or does not respond to light
  3. Normal near response
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14
Q

(T or F) Argyll Robertson is caused by any interruption in the pattern of CN3 to CN4

A

F- CN2 to CN3

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15
Q

Common causes for Argyll Robertson pupil

A

Neurosyphilis
Long term diabetes
Alcoholism

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16
Q

Neurosyphilis is caused by

A

Treponema pallidum

17
Q

Is a bacterial infection by the brain or spinal cord

A

Neurosyphilis

18
Q

It occurs in people who have untreated syphilis for many years

A

Neurosyphilis

19
Q

4 types of neurosyphilis

A

Primary
Secondary
Latent
Tertiary

20
Q

A sexually transmitted infection that spreads through direct contact with syphilis sores

A

Neurosyphilis

21
Q

Is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism due to relative or absolute insulin deficiency

A

Long term diabetes

22
Q

Is a disease of the pancreas

A

Long term diabetes milletus

23
Q

In Parinaud’s syndrome the affected part on pupillary pathway is the ____

A

Pretectal nucleus

24
Q

In Argyll Robertson Pupil, the affected part on the pupillary pathway is the _____

A

Edinger Westphal

25
Q

A central defect

A

Parinaud’s syndrome

26
Q

(T or F) In Parinaud’s syndrome, there is a lesion affecting the anterior commissure and pretectal nuclei

A

F- Posterior commissure

27
Q

(T or F) In Parinaud’s syndrome there is an interruption to the more dorsal efferent light pathway

A

F- afferent

28
Q

Symptoms of Parinaud’s syndrome

A

Large pupils
Constrict briskly to an accommodative target
Constrict poorly to light

29
Q

Other name for Parinaud’s Syndrome

A

Dorsal midbrain
Pretectal
Sylvian aqueduct
Koerbersalus-Elshnig Syndrome

30
Q

Associated signs and symptoms for Parinaud’s syndrome

A

Vertical gaze deficit
Collier’s sign
Convergence-retraction nystagmus

31
Q

triad of tabes dorsalis

A

gait unsteadiness
lightning pain
urinary incontenence

32
Q

2 types of anisocoria

A

Physiological
Pathological

33
Q

Due to normal difference in balance of parasympathetic and sympathetic drive to the 2 pupils

A

Physiological anisocoria

34
Q

Due to denervation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic block

A

Pathological anisocoria

35
Q

Type of metabolism in sympathetic NS

A

Catabolic

36
Q

Type of metabolism for parasympathetic NS

A

Anabolic

37
Q

Nickname for sympathetic NS

A

Fight or flight

Clinical Neuro-Optometry (4 decks)

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