Abnormal Psychology Final

Question 1

What is bulimia nervosa?

Answer 1

An eating disorder that involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory actions to remove the food, such as purging.

Question 2

What are the social causes of bulimia nervosa?

Answer 2

May be related to mass media portraying the ‘ideal’ woman to be thin; attempting to diet often leads to obesity and dissatisfaction with one’s body.

Question 3

What are the biological causes of bulimia nervosa?

Answer 3

Seems to have a biological component; people with low serotonergic activity are more likely to get the disorder.

Question 4

What are the psychological causes of bulimia nervosa?

Answer 4

Anxiety focused on appearance and presentation to others; distorted body image.

Question 5

What is a common treatment for bulimia nervosa?

Answer 5

Antidepressant medications and informing the patient about the ineffectiveness and dangers of purging.

Question 6

What is anorexia nervosa?

Answer 6

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight.

Question 7

What are the causes of anorexia nervosa?

Answer 7

Similar to bulimia, but individuals often succeed with purging behaviors and may be proud of this; often linked to successful families with a bigger emphasis on external appearances.

Question 8

What is the primary goal of treating anorexia nervosa?

Answer 8

To get the individual back to a healthier weight.

Question 9

What is binge-eating disorder (BED)?

Answer 9

A pattern of eating involving stress-inducing binges not followed by purging behaviors.

Question 10

What is a common treatment for binge-eating disorder?

Answer 10

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), similarly to bulimia.

Question 11

What are dyssomnias?

Answer 11

Problems going to sleep or getting enough sleep.

Question 12

What is insomnia?

Answer 12

A condition in which insufficient sleep interferes with normal functioning.

Question 13

What is narcolepsy?

Answer 13

A sleep disorder involving sudden and irresistible sleep attacks.

Question 14

What are the three types of sleep apnea?

Answer 14

Obstructive, complete, and sleep-related hypoventilation.

Question 15

What is the circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder?

Answer 15

Sleep disturbances resulting in sleepiness or insomnia, caused by the body’s inability to synchronize its sleep patterns with the current pattern of day and night.

Question 16

What are nightmares?

Answer 16

Frightening and anxiety-provoking dreams occurring during rapid eye movement sleep.

Question 17

What is the treatment for insomnia?

Answer 17

Often involves benzodiazepines, but they can cause excessive sleepiness or dependency.

Question 18

What is the treatment for hypersomnolence or narcolepsy?

Answer 18

Often prescribed a stimulant.

Question 19

What is the focus of psychological treatments for sleep disorders?

Answer 19

Altering unrealistic expectations about sleep, relaxation techniques, and addressing performance anxiety.

Question 20

What is antisocial personality disorder?

Answer 20

A disorder in which someone fails to comply with social norms and shows no regard for right or wrong.

Question 21

What is the treatment for borderline personality disorder?

Answer 21

Therapy to help accept feelings and improve reactions, alongside medication for co-existing conditions.

Question 22

What is histrionic personality disorder?

Answer 22

A disorder characterized by overly dramatic, sensational, and sexually provocative behavior.

Question 23

What is narcissistic personality disorder?

Answer 23

A disorder characterized by an exaggerated and unreasonable sense of self-importance.

Question 24

What is psychosis?

Answer 24

A state defined by a loss of contact with reality.

Question 25

What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 25

Delusions and hallucinations.

Question 26

What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 26

Absence of behavior, emotion, or thought, including avolition, alogia, asociality, and anhedonia.

Question 27

What is the etiology of schizophrenia?

Answer 27

Genes, excess dopamine, brain differences, and stress can activate underlying vulnerability.

Question 28

What are first-generation antipsychotics used for?

Answer 28

To reduce dopamine levels in schizophrenia, but may have side effects.

Question 29

What is the role of family communication in treating schizophrenia?

Answer 29

Education and communication can help manage the disorder.

Question 30

What is avolition?

Answer 30

The inability to take action or become goal-oriented

Question 31

What is alogia?

Answer 31

A lack of speech

Question 32

What is asociality?

Answer 32

Minimal interest in social relationships

Question 33

What is anhedonia?

Answer 33

Reduced ability to experience pleasure