Abnormal Psychology #1

Question 1

There is a contemporary fascination with ___ ___. Depicted in the media are very exaggerated. Reasons for this: empathy, we feel better ourselves, we see a bit of ourselves in them.

Answer 1

Psychological Disorders

Question 2

Definition. Ongoing patterns of thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors that are deviant, distressful, and/or dysfunctional. Those with _ _ experience distubances more intensely and constantly than typical people

Answer 2

Psychological Disorders.

Question 3

___ are culturally defined by: Context (in war, mass killing is heroic, while in peace, blamed on a mental disorder), Culture (in cultures with ancestral worship, it is common to ‘hear voices’ of loved ones, in other cultures, it is grounds for a mental disorder), and Time (up until the 1970s, homosexuality was considered a a disorder, while now it is viewed as a biologically determined preference)

Answer 3

Deviant (deviancy)

Question 4

People who are mentally disturbed experience a lot of anxiety about their disturbance

Answer 4

Distress

Question 5

People who are mentally disturbed have a difficulty with daily life because of their disorder, it gets in the way of functioning. Work and relationships are hard because of this deviation

Answer 5

Disfunction

Question 6

Mental disorders were due to a strange force, attributed to celestial bodies. A person must be a manifestation of god or evil spirits that entered into the person, and this is causing depression, anxiety, or hallucinations.

Answer 6

Early explanations of psychological disorders

Question 7

Mentally disturbed people were beaten, burned, and castrated, in an attempt to cure their abnormal behavior.

Answer 7

Early treatments of psychological disorders

Question 8

Reform in the 19th century. Developed the ____. Psychological disturbances are not the work of demons, they are instead sickness of the mind. They are caused by two factors: stress and inhumane conditions. Began to attribute MD to stresses in the environment and that they can be likened to physical illness

Answer 8

Reform of treatment: Medical Model

Question 9

Today’s approach to MD. Both nature nurture contribute to the cause of psychopathology, our thoughts, feelings, and psych experiences give rise to disturbances. Culture also contributes.

Answer 9

Biophsychosocial

Question 10

Reasons for ____ psychological disturbances. Easier to understand the patient, provide appropriate treatment, and stimulate research into various psychological disorders. DSM-V - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual five

Answer 10

Classify

Question 11

___ vs ___ anxiety. 1: being anxious for a test 2: these symptoms are intense and persist to the point that we don’t show up to the test.

Answer 11

Normal vs abnormal anxiety

Question 12

AD. _____ _____ Disorder. Unexplainable and continual tension, symptoms are commonplace but persist, continual worry, bitterness, agitation, sleep deprivation, and experience a depressed mood. More common in women than men.

Answer 12

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 13

AD. ____ Disorder. Sudden intense dread, normal anxiety quickly turns into a terrifying panic attack. Minutes–long intense fear that something catastrophic will occur. Symptoms: heart palpitations, shortness of breath, choking sensation, trembling, and dizziness.

Answer 13

Panic Disorder

Question 14

AD. _____. Irrational, intense fear of an object, activity, or situation. Commonplace: fear of snakes, heights or the dark, helped our ancestors survive. But with this disorder, these fears are so intense that the incapacitate the person, and the fear must be avoided at all costs.

Answer 14

Phobia

Question 15

AD. _____ ______ Disorder. Troubled by repetitive thoughts/actions. Normal: write the paper, write the paper, write the paper. We arrange our lives in ways that suit us, and repeat those. But when they interfere with everyday life/disturb the everyday life, then it is ___.

Answer 15

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Question 16

AD. ____ Perspective. Fear conditioning, reinforcement, and stimulus generalization. Or Observational __.

Answer 16

Learning Perspective

Question 17

Learning Perspective of Anxiety. Anxiety develops due to an unpredictable, uncontrollable lie event.

Answer 17

Fear conditioning

Question 18

Learning Perspective of Anxiety. Fear conditioning. The avoidance of the feared stimulus reduces anxiety and as a result, the behavior is – and more likely to occur in the future.

Answer 18

Reinforcement

Question 19

Learning Perspective of Anxiety. Fear conditioning. Once a person has developed a phobia of an object, that fear can transfer and – other objects.

Answer 19

Stimulus generalization

Question 20

Learning perspective of Anxiety. Some fears and phobias are learned by – the reactions of those around us. Mother is terrified of bats, the kid watches their mom cower in fear, soon she does the same thing.

Answer 20

Observational learning

Question 21

AD. Marked by lingering memories following a threatening, uncontrollable event. Haunting memories and nightmares, social withdrawal, anxiety, and insomnia. Common following military deployment, accidents, disasters, and sexual assault

Answer 21

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Question 22

AD. _____ Perspective. Some people are more predisposed to anxiety than others. Genes contribute. Natural selection: people are biologically prepared to fear spiders, snakes, heights, and storms. These people are more likely to survive and pass on their traits. Easy to condition, hard to get rid of.

Answer 22

The Biological Perspective

Question 23

Psychological disorders in which the symptoms are somatic or physical. They are bodily, but without a physical cause. Marked by symptoms that have physical basis but no apparent physical cause.

Answer 23

Somatoform Disorders

Question 24

Somatoform disorder where people interpret normal physical sensations as symptoms of a dreaded physical disease. Every little pain is a big deal, must go to the doctor. Jump from doctor to the doctor, “tell m what is wrong with me!” but there isn’t anything wrong with them. Miss lots of work, incur lots of health care costs because of it.

Answer 24

Hypochondrialsas

Question 25

Somatoform disorder. Hysteria. More common in Freud’s time. Person experiences genuine, vert specific physical symptoms that have no physical cause.

Answer 25

Conversion disorders