Abnormal Labour

Question 1

THE PASSENGER - What is occipital-posterior presentation associated with?

Answer 1

Prolonged second stage and instrumental delivery

NB - mothers will complain of back ache earlier on

Question 2

THE PASSENGER - What is deep transverse arrest?

Answer 2

Failure of vaginal delivery after one hour of active pushing, associated with occipital-transvere presentation

Question 3

THE PASSENGER - What is brow presentation?

mentovertical - 13.8cm

Answer 3

Extension of the foetal head so that the brow presents out of the vagina –> C-SECTION

Question 4

THE PASSENGER - What is face presentation?

submentobregmatic - 9.5cm

Answer 4

Complete extension of the head –> Vaginal delivery if chin is anterior but C-section if posterior

Question 5

What is cephalon-pelvic disproportion?

Answer 5

When the pelvis is too small for the head to pass through

- retrospective diagnosis

Question 6

What are the diameters of the pelvis?

Answer 6

Pelvic inlet:

• transverse 13cm
• AP 11cm

Pelvic outlet

• transverse 11cm
• AP 12.5cm

Question 7

What is slow labour?

Answer 7

Progress slower than 1cm/h after latent phase, usually due to inefficient uterine action.