Abdominal Wall Flashcards
what are the boundaries of the abdominal wall?
Superior- diaphragm
Inferior- pelvic inlet
Posterior- lumbar vertebrae and muscles
lateral and anterior- continuous soft tissues
what is the innervation of the posterior abdominal wall?
dorsal rami of spinal nerve
what is the innervation of the anterolateral abdominal wall?
ventral rami of spinal nerve
Lateral cutaneous branch- intercostal/subcostal n (T12)
Anterior cutaneous branch- intercostal/subcostal n (T12)
Muscular/ collateral branch
important dermatomes
T4: nipple line
T6: xiphoid process
T10: umbilicis
T12: iliac crest to ASIS and pubic symphysis
**innervation does not correlate with spinal nerve exit
what is the blood supply to the lateral abdominal wall?
posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar arteries
what is the blood supple to the anterior abdominal wall?
superior and inferior epigastric arteries, deep superficial circumflex of iliac artery
what happens if there is an abdominal aorta malfunction? Can the lower extremity still get blood supply?
yes, from the superior epigastric artery
what happens if there is an inferior vena cava malfunction? can the blood from the lower extremities still drain back to the heart?
yes, it can drain back to the superior vena cava
what are the 9 layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall?
1 skin
2 camper’s fatty layer
3 scarpa’s membranous layer
4 external oblique
5 internal oblique
6 transversus abdominis
7 transversalis fascia
8 extraperitoneal fascia
9 parietal peritoneum
what direction do the external oblique muscle fibers run?
hands in pocket
what is the innervation of the external oblique?
intercostal nerve (T7-T11) subcostal nerve (T12)
What are the motions of the external oblique?
pelvic stabilization, abdominal cavity compression, B FLX, I SB, Contralateral RT
What direction do the internal oblique muscle fibers run?
opposite to external oblique
what is the innervation to the internal oblique?
intercostal nerve (T7-T11) subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
what are the motions of the internal oblique?
core support, pelvic stabilization, B trunk FLX, I SB and RT
what abdominal muscle is the core muscle?
transversus abdominis
what direction do the transversus abdominis muscle fibers run?
horizontally
what is the innervation for the transversus abdominis?
intercostal nerve (T7-T11) subcostal nerve (T12)
what is the motions of the transversus abdominis muscle?
compression of abdomen, I RT, B spine stabilization
where do the intercostal nerves run?
in between the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles
what muscle makes up your 6 pack?
rectus abdominis
what direction to the rectus abdominis muscle fibers fun?
vertically
what is the innervation to the rectus abdominis?
intercostal nerve (T7-T11) and subcostal nerve (T12)
what is the motion of the rectus abdominis?
compression and stabilization of the abdomen and trunk flexion
