Abdominal Viscera and Vessels

Question 1

what organs make up the digestive system?

Answer 1

digestive tube (mouth pharynx alimentary canal), liver, pancreas, salivary glands

Question 2

alimentary canal

Answer 2

esophagus, stomach, intestine

Question 3

esophagus

Answer 3

cervical, thoracic, and abdominal regions

all striated in dog

Question 4

2 stomach sphincters

Answer 4

cardiac and pyloric

Question 5

4 stomach regions

Answer 5

cardiac, fundus, body, pyloric

Question 6

3 parts of small intestine

Answer 6

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 7

5 duodenal regions

Answer 7

cranial flexure, descending duodenum, caudal flexure, ascending duodenum, duodenal-jejunal flexure

Question 8

4 parts of large intestine

Answer 8

cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal

Question 9

5 regions of colon

Answer 9

ascending colon, right colic flexure, transverse colon, left colic flexure, descending colon

Question 10

where is the anal canal cavity wise?

Answer 10

retroperitoneal

Question 11

anus

Answer 11

external opening of anal canal

Question 12

2 sphincters of anal canal

Answer 12

internal anal sphincter (smooth m.)

external anal sphincter (striated m.)

Question 13

function of liver

Answer 13

secretes bile salts to emulsify fats

bile stored in gall bladder

Question 14

6 lobes of liver

Answer 14

caudate lobe, right lateral, right medial, quadrate lobe, left medial, left lateral

Question 15

function of pancreas

Answer 15

secretes proteolytic enzymes into duodenum and endocrine secretions (insulin)

Question 16

structure of pancreas

Answer 16

left lobe along stomach, body, right lobe along duodenum

Question 17

2 ducts of pancreas

Answer 17

pancreatic duct (small) empties into major duodenal papilla with bile duct
accessory pancreatic duct (large) empties into minor duodenal papilla

Question 18

function of kidney

Answer 18

remove waste products from blood (urine)

regulate fluid/salt balance (blood osmotic pressure)

Question 19

what is the renal hilus?

Answer 19

where vessels and the ureter enter the kidney

Question 20

kidney position

Answer 20

right kidney more cranial than left
right cupped by liver
left is loosely attached
feline kidneys are caudal

Question 21

renal capsule

Answer 21

fibrous tissue surrounding the kidney

Question 22

renal cortex

Answer 22

superficial tissue containing vascular glomeruli in kidney

Question 23

renal medulla

Answer 23

deep tissue of kidney

Question 24

renal pyramid

Answer 24

medula between interlobar vessels in kidney

Question 25

ureter

Answer 25

conveys urine from kidney to urinary bladder

Question 26

renal pelvis

Answer 26

expanded proximal end of ureter in renal sinus of kidney

Question 27

pelvic recess

Answer 27

lateral expansion of renal pelvis between interlobar vessels

Question 28

function of spleen

Answer 28

reservoir for blood cells

filters particles and old red blood cells from blood

Question 29

lumbar artery

Answer 29

supply vertebral column, spinal cord, epaxial m., and skin on back

Question 30

common trunk

Answer 30

supply abdominal wall, adrenal gland via cranial abdominal artery and diaphragm

Question 31

deep circumflex iliac artery

Answer 31

supply abdominal wall caudally

Question 32

celiac artery

Answer 32

supplies cranial abdominal viscera

gastric and gastricepiploic branches to stomach

Question 33

cranial mesenteric artery

Answer 33

supplies duodenum, ascending colon, transverse colon and pancreas

Question 34

caudal mesenteric artery

Answer 34

supplies descending colon and rectum

Question 35

external iliac arteries

Answer 35

supplies pelvic limb

Question 36

internal iliac arteries

Answer 36

supplies pelvis wall and viscera

Question 37

median sacral artery

Answer 37

becomes median caudal of tail

Question 38

function of portal vein

Answer 38

convey blood between two capillary beds of alimentary tract and liver sinusoids

Question 39

what forms the portal vein?

Answer 39

cranial and caudal mesenteric veins anastomose

splenic v. and gastroduodenal v. join before entering liver

Question 40

circulation sequence of portal vein

Answer 40

celiac, cranial, and caudal mesenteric arteries, alimentary capillaries, stellite veins, portal vein, hepatic sinusoids, hepatic vein, caudal vena cava

Question 41

cysterna chyla

Answer 41

convergence of mesenteric lymph ducts just caudal to diaphragm