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Anatomy > Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What covers the liver? What kind of layer is it?

A

Glisson’s capsule

It is a fibrous layer

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2
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the liver?

A

Right, left, caudate and quadrate

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3
Q

Which lobe (R&L) is larger of the liver?

A

Right lobe is larger

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4
Q

Where is the portal hepatis and what is it? What passes through here?

A

Between the caudate and quadrate lobes of the liver
It is a deep fissure
All neurovascular structures except hepatic veins and ducts pass through here

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5
Q

What does the falciform ligament attach?

A

Attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall

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6
Q

What does the coronary ligament attach?

A

Attaches the diaphragm and the liver

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7
Q

Which 2 ligaments make up the lesser omentum?

A

Hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

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8
Q

What does the lesser omentum attach?

Via which ligaments

A

Attaches the liver to the stomach and the 1st part of the duodenum
Via the hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

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9
Q

What is the bare area of the liver?

What happens here?

A

Area of the liver that is not covered by any peritoneum

It is where the coronary ligaments split

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10
Q

Where is the hepatic artery proper derived from?

A

Coeliac trunk

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11
Q

What does the hepatic artery split into?

A

Left and right hepatic arteries

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12
Q

What do the hepatic veins drain into?

A

The IVC

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13
Q

What is the parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of the liver?

A

Para - vagus nerve

Symp - coeliac plexus

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14
Q

Which lobe of the liver is the gall bladder located next to?

A

The quadrate lobe

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15
Q

Which 2 vessels merge to form the common bile duct?

A

Cystic duct and common hepatic duct

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16
Q

What is the blood supply of the gall bladder?

A

Cystsic artery - branch from the common hepatic artery (from coeliac trunk)

17
Q

What is the parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of the gall bladder?

A

Para- vagus nerve

Symp - coeliac plexus

18
Q

In which 2 regions of the abdomen does the pancreas lie?

A

Left hypochondriac and epigastric

19
Q

Is the pancreas retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?

A

Retroperitoenal

20
Q

What is the widest part of the pancreas? What does this lie in?

A

The head

lies within the c-shaped curve created by the duodenum

21
Q

What is the uncinate process?

A

Projection arising from the lower part of the head of the pancreas

22
Q

What is the only part of the pancreas to be intraperitoneal?

A

The tail

23
Q

Which cells are a) exocrine and b) endocrine of the pancreas?

A

A) exocrine = acinar cells

B) endocrine = islets

24
Q

What forms the ampulla vater?

A

Pancreatic duct and common bile duct

25
Q

What does the ampulla vater drain into and via what?

A

Ampulla vater drains into the duodenum via the major duodenal papilla

26
Q

What is the blood supply of the pancreas? Give 2 main vessles and the smaller ones from these

A

Coeliac trunk and SMA

Anterior and posterior superior (coeliac trunk) and inferior (SMA) pancreaticodueoneal arteries

27
Q

What is the venous drainage of the pancreas?

A

Head is drained by superior mesenteric branches of the hepatic portal vein
The rest is drained by pancreatic veins via splenic vein

28
Q

What is the para and symp innervation of the pancreas?

A

Para - vagus

Symp - greater and lesser splanchnic nerves

29
Q

Is the spleen retro or intraperitoneal?

A

Intraperitoneal

30
Q

What do the gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments connect?

A

Gastrosplenic - spleen to greater curvature of the stomach

Splenorenal - hilum of spleen to left kidney

31
Q

What is the blood supply of the spleen?

A

Splenic artery from coeliac trunk

32
Q

Why can one segment of the spleen be surgically removed without affecting others?

A

Once splenic artery reaches spleen it branches into 5, giving rise to vascular segments

33
Q

What is the venous drainage of the spleen?

A

Splenic vein

34
Q

What does the splenic vein combine with? What does this form?

A

Superior Mesenteric Vein to form the hepatic portal vein

35
Q

What is the innervation of the spleen?

A

Coeliac plexus

Anatomy (9 decks)

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