Abdominal Cavity

Question 1

What are the superior, inferior, anterolateral and posterior boundaries of the abdomen?

Answer 1

Superior = Diaphragm
Inferior = pelvic inlet 
Anterolateral = musculo-aponeutoic abdominal wall
Posterior = lumbar vertebrae

Question 2

What is the umbillicus a reference point for?

Answer 2

The transverse plane

Question 3

What level is the umbillicus typically at?

Answer 3

L3-L4

Question 4

What is the linea alba an aponeurosis for?

Answer 4

Abdominal muscles

Question 5

What are tendinous intersections?

Answer 5

Fibrous bands crossing the rectus abdominis

Question 6

Which 2 planes create quadrants of the abdominal region?

Answer 6

Horizontal - transumbillical/ transverse plane

Medial - median plane / midline

Question 7

Which 4 lines create the 9 regions of the abdominal region?

Answer 7

2 midclavicular lines
Subcostal plane - inf border of cc10 on each side
Transtubercular plane - L5

Question 8

Give the 9 regions of the abdominal cavity

Answer 8

Right hypochondriac
Epigastric
Left hypochondriac
Right lumbar 
Umbilical 
Left Lumbar 
Right pubic/ inguinal/ iliac 
Hypogastric 
Left pubic/ inguinal/ iliac

Question 9

What is in the right hypocondriac region?

Answer 9

Pylorus of the stomach
Gall bladder
Part of right lobe of liver
Right kidney

Question 10

What is in the epigastric region?

Answer 10

Liver
Stomach
Duodenum
Pancreas

Question 11

What is in the left hypochondriac region?

Answer 11

Stomach

Left kidney

Question 12

What is in the right lumbar region?

Answer 12

Ascending colon

Question 13

What is in the umbiliac region?

Answer 13

Intestines

Question 14

What is in the left lumbar region?

Answer 14

Descending colon

Question 15

What is in the right inguinal region?

Answer 15

Appendix

Caecum

Question 16

What is in the hypogastric region?

Answer 16

Sigmoid colon

Question 17

What is in the left inguinal region?

Answer 17

Descending colon

Question 18

What does the parietal peritoneum line?

Answer 18

Lines in the internal surface of the abdominal wall

Question 19

What does the visceral peritoneum line?

Answer 19

Surrounds organs eg. the spleen

Question 20

Give one intraperitoneal organ

Answer 20

Stomach

Question 21

Give one retroperitoneal organ

Answer 21

Kidneys

Question 22

What is a mesentery?

Answer 22

It is a double fold of peritoneum

Question 23

What does the greater omentum connect?

Answer 23

Hangs from the stomach, connecting to the transverse colon and its mesentery

Question 24

What does the lesser omentum connect?

Answer 24

Attaches the stomach and 1st part of the duodenum to the liver

Question 25

What passes through the portal triad of the lesser omentum?

Answer 25

Portal vein Hepatic artery Bile duct

Question 26

Where is the lesser sac?

Answer 26

Behind the stomach

Question 27

Where is the greater sac?

Answer 27

As you open up the abdominal cavity

Question 28

What 3 things are in the supracolic compartment of the greater sac?

Answer 28

Stomach, liver and spleen

Question 29

What 3 things are in the infracolic compartment of the greater sac?

Answer 29

Small intestine, ascending and descending colon

Question 30

What do paracolic gutters allow for?

Answer 30

Free communication between the supra and infracolic compartments

Question 31

Where does everything superior to the umbillicus drain to (lymphatic)?

Answer 31

Axillary lymph nodes

Question 32

Where does everything inferior to the umbillicus drain to (lymphatic)?

Answer 32

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 33

At what dermatome level is the umbillicus?

Answer 33

T10

Question 34

Which quadrant is the liver in?

Answer 34

RUQ

Question 35

Which quadrant is the spleen in? What does the spleen sit on?

Answer 35

LUQ | Spleen sits on the diaphragm

Question 36

Which kidney is lower and why?

Answer 36

The right kidney is lower than the left kidney because of the liver