Abdominal Organ Fxns

Question 1

Thyriod Gland

Answer 1

Endocrine fxn: produce hormones - regulate growth & metabolic rate, including Ca+ homeostasis

Question 2

Heart

Answer 2

Creates pressure gradient to
1) Transport blood
2) Push plasma into ECF
3) Get nutrients, O2 & hormones into cells
Secondary: Diffusion out of capillaries
Tertiary: Cellular uptake

Question 3

Lungs

Answer 3

1) Uptake O2

2) Secrete CO2

Question 4

Liver

Answer 4

1) Makes bile from old erythrocytes (RBC) - bile is waste product; emulsifies lipids to increase surface area for chemical digestion
2) Filters & detoxifies blood
3) Stores glucose and glycogen & regulates blood glucose levels
4) Makes cholesterol & triglycerides
5) Builds enzymes & clotting factors

Question 5

Gall Bladder

Answer 5

Stores & excretes liver bile into duodenum

Question 6

Spleen

Answer 6

1) Barracks for several platoons of leukocytes (WBC’s)

2) WBC’s clean blood and remove worn out RBC

Question 7

Adrenal (or suprarenal) gland

Answer 7

Endocrine fxn: secretes hormones for stress reactions and metabolic rate

Question 8

Kidney (2)

Answer 8

1) Primary fx: regulate osmotic (salt/water) balance

2) Excretes nitrogenous wastes and other soluble wastes

Question 9

Ureter

Answer 9

Transport urine from kidney to bladder

Question 10

Bladder

Answer 10

Stores & excretes urine

Question 11

Urethra

Answer 11

Eliminate urine from bladder to outside of body

Question 12

Stomach (3)

Answer 12

1) Stores food
2) Mechanically digests food
3) Denatures proteins with HCl acid & initiates protein chemical digestion with pepsin

Question 13

Small Intestine

Answer 13

Parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Fxn: completes chemical digestion of food & absorbs it

Question 14

Large Intestine

Answer 14

Parts: cecum, asc colon, trans colon, dec colon, sigmoid colon, rectal colon

Fxn:

1) Prepare & eliminates solid wastes
2) Resorbs water & salt

Question 15

Veriform Appendix

Answer 15

House lymphoid tissue to combat invaders

(Usually founds off cecum

Question 16

McBurney’s Point

Answer 16

Check for appendicitis

1/3 distance from right ASIS to umbilicus

Question 17

Pancrease

Answer 17

Endocrine fx: produce glucagon & insulin hormones to regulate blood sugar levels

Exocrine fx: produce bicarbonate & digestive enzymes for food squirted into duodenum from stomach