Abdominal doppler techniques

Question 1

a patient who develops _____, the portal blood flow becomes hepatofugal, this may occur secondary to portal venous shunts or varices

Answer 1

portalv venous hypertension; there is a high-velocity flow pattern at the site of shunts with a turbulent flow pattern on color doppler

Question 2

the shape of the ______ provides information on the vascular impedance of the organ the vessel supplies; spectral analysis tells the velocity and turbulence of blood flow

Answer 2

waveform

Question 3

_____ vessels have a high diastolic component and supply organs that need constant perfusion, such as the internal carotid, hepatic artery, and the renal artery

Answer 3

nonresistive

Question 4

_____ vessels have very little or even reversed flow in diastole and supply organs that do not need a constant blood supply, such as the external carotid and the iliac and brachial arteries

Answer 4

resistive

Question 5

_____ flow is a pattern of blood flow, typically seen in large arteries, in which most cells are moving at the same velocity across the entire diameter of the vessel

Answer 5

plug; with this present the volume of blood flow can be calculated

Question 6

abdomen vessels generally have _____ velocity and flow

Answer 6

low

Question 7

the patient should be fasting and should suspend respiration for the best color and pulsed _____ to be obtained

Answer 7

doppler sample volume (doppler gate); should be adjusted to encompass but not exceed the diameter of the vessel

Question 8

scanning the aorta, the closer you get to the common iliac vessels the greater the _____ component becomes

Answer 8

reverse; it also becomes triphasic

Question 9

the _____ artery shows the greatest turbulence of all the celiac branches, probably because of its tortuosity

Answer 9

splenic artery; most common place for celiac aneurysms

Question 10

a thrombosis of the hepatic veins is called _____; hepatic veins appear reduced in size and may contain echogenic thrombotic material

Answer 10

budd-chiari syndrome; use duplex doppler

Question 11

indirect sign of _____ include the loss of normal portal venous landmarks, dilation of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein, and venous collaterals in the porta hepatis

Answer 11

portal vein thrombosis

Question 12

______ demonstrates dilated portal SMV vein, patent paraumbilical vein, varices, splenomegaly, diminished responses to respiration in portal vein, dilated hepatic and splenic arteries, ascites, and small liver

Answer 12

cavernous transformation of the portal vein

Question 13

with _____ all portal flows are reversed, as are flows in the splenic vein, but not the SMV

Answer 13

splenorenal shunts

Question 14

with _____ the main portal vein and left portal vein shows normal flow, but the right is reversed

Answer 14

recanalized umbilical vein