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Anatomy > Abdominal Contents > Flashcards

Abdominal Contents Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the foregut?

A

Stomach, liver, 1/2 duodenum, pancreas, and spleen

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2
Q

What makes up the midgut?

A

1/2 duodenum, jejunum, ileum, proximal colon

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3
Q

What makes up the handout?

A

distal 1/2 colon

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4
Q

What is the in the posterior compartment?

A

Kidneys, suprarenal glands, and neuromuscular

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5
Q

What is the blood supply to the foregut?

A

Celiac trunk

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6
Q

What is the blood supply to the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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7
Q

What is the blood supply to the hindgut?

A

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

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8
Q

What is in the superior boundary?

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

What is in the posterior boundary?

A

Lumbar vertebrae and muscles

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10
Q

What is in the lateral and anterior boundaries?

A

Abdominal muscles

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11
Q

What is in the inferior boundary?

A

Pelvic Inlet

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12
Q

What is in the median plane?

A

Xiphoid process and pubic symphysis

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13
Q

What is in the R upper quadrant?

A

Liver and duodenum

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14
Q

What is in the L upper quadrant?

A

Stomach

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15
Q

What is in the R lower quadrant?

A

Cecum and ascending colon

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16
Q

What is in the L lower quadrant?

A

Descending and sigmoid colon

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17
Q

What does the dermatome for T4 innervate?

A

Nipple region

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18
Q

What does the dermatome region of T10 innervate?

A

Umbilicus

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19
Q

What does the region of T12 dermatome innervate?

A

ASIS

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20
Q

What are the 9 layers in order?

A 
Skin
Fatty Layer
Membranous Layer
Ext Oblique
Int Oblique
Transversus Abdominis
Transversalis Fascia
Extraperitoneal fascia
Parietal Peritoneum
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21
Q

External Oblique Innervation

A

Intercostal nerves of T7-T12

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22
Q

Function of Ext Oblique

A

Ipsilateral SB and RT and trunk FLX

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23
Q

What is in the lateral umbilical folds?

A

inferior gastric vessels

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24
Q

What is in the medial umbilical fold?

A

remnant umbilical artery

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25
Q

What is in the median umbilical fold?

A

Remnant allantois

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26
Q

What is the lateral border of hesselbach’s triangle?

A

Medial of lateral umbilical fold

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27
Q

What is the inferior border of hesselbach’s triangle?

A

Inguinal ligamnet

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28
Q

What is the medial border of hesselbach’s triangle?

A

Lateral rectus abdominis

29
Q

What is the purpose of the allantois?

A

Fetal urine drainage

30
Q

What are the umbilical arteries

A

2 internal iliac arteries attaching to placenta

2 medial umbilical ligaments

31
Q

What are the umbilical veins?

A

Connect liver and continue to the inferior vena cava

32
Q

What is the foramen oval?

A

Opening between R and L atrium

33
Q

What is the ductus arteriosus?

A

Bridging blood vessels between aorta and pulmonary trunk

34
Q

What is the lesser omentum?

A

Lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

35
Q

What is the greater omentum?

A

Greater curvature of stomach to transverse colon

36
Q

What is a intraperitoneal organ?

A

Entirely covered by visceral peritoneum

37
Q

What is a retroperitoneal organ?

A

Outside of the parietal peritoneum

38
Q

What organs are intraperitoneal?

A

Esophagus, stomach, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, transverse and sigmoid colon

39
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

A

Duodenum, pancreas, kidney, ascending and descending colon

40
Q

What is nutcracker syndrome?

A

Rare vein compression disorder

When the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery compress the left renal vein

41
Q

What are the borders of the Foramen of Winslow?

A

Hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein, and common bile duct

42
Q

What are the three branches (in order from superior to inferior) off the aorta

A

Celiac trunk
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Inferior Mesenteric Artery

43
Q

What are the branches off the celiac trunk?

A

Splenic artery, L gastric artery, common hepatic artery

44
Q

What are the branches of the common hepatic artery?

A

Gastroduodenal, R gastric and hepatic artery proper

45
Q

What happens when there is a malfunction of the stomach sphincter?

A

GERD

46
Q

What are the stomach functions?

A

digestoin and absorption of vitamin B12

47
Q

What happens when vegetarians don’t eat properly?

A

Vitamin B12 anemia

48
Q

What are the ligaments of the liver?

A

Falciform, Coronary, Ligament teres, and ligament venosum

49
Q

What is the first part of the duodenum?

A

Superior - pyloric canal and sphincter

50
Q

What is the second part of the duodenum?

A

Descending - major and minor duodenal papilla for bile

51
Q

What is the 3rd part of the duodenum?

A

Horizontal

52
Q

What is the 4th part of the duodenum?

A

Ascending - duodenojejunal junction/flexure

53
Q

What is the landmark for the fore and midgut?

A

Ligament of treitz

54
Q

What can happen if someone is constipated?

A

The colon enlarges thus compressing the obturator nerve causing inner thigh tingling

55
Q

How long is the colon?

A

~2meters

56
Q

Which kidney is lower?

A

The R because of the liver

57
Q

What are the functions of the kidneys?

A

Urine production, electrolyte and water balance, regulate blood pressure, and hematopoiesis

58
Q

What is the vascular supply to the kidneys?

A

Renal artery comes directly off the abdominal aorta

59
Q

What is the functions of the adrenal glands?

A

Regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune response, stress response, and sexual hormones

60
Q

At what level does the celiac trunk come from?

A

T12

61
Q

At what level does the superior mesenteric artery come from?

A

L1

62
Q

At what level does the inferior mesenteric artery come from?

A

L3

63
Q

At what level does the renal artery come from?

A

L2

64
Q

At what level does the common illiac atery come from?

A

L4

65
Q

What is the importance of having anastomosis?

A

Ability to create bypasses around atherosclerosis

66
Q

What innervates the forgut?

A

Greater splanchnic nerve (T5-T9)

67
Q

What innervates the midgut?

A

Inconclusive?

68
Q

What innverates the hindgut?

A

Lumber splanchnic nerve )L1-L2)

Anatomy (6 decks)

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