Abdominal Cavity and Contents Part 2 Flashcards
Greek word of stomach
Gaster
Stomach is?
Sac-shaped enlargement of alimentary canal between esophagus and duodenum
Stomach location
Left cranial quadrant, caudal to liver
Empty stomach
- Intrathoracic part of abdominal cavity
2. Separated from abdominal wall
Can you palpate empty stomach?
No
Moderately full stomach location
T9 → 12
Contact with abdominal wall
Can you palpate moderately full stomach?
Yes
Greatly distended stomach location
T9 → L2 or 3
Extends into caudal abdominal quadrants
Extensive contact with abdominal wall
Can you palpate greatly distended stomach?
Easily
Parietal surface of stomach contacts?
- Liver
- Diaphragm
- Not covered by greater omentum
Visceral surface of stomach contacts?
- Intestine
- Pancrease
- Covered by greater omentum
Greater omentum covers which surface of stomach?
Visceral
4 regions of stomach
- Cardiac
- Fundus
- Body
- Pylorus
Cardiac portion of stomach surrounds?
Cardiac opening
Fundal region of stomach
Blind sac dorsal to cardia
Body of stomach
Middle portion between fundus and pyloric portion
2 parts of pyloric portion of stomach
- Pyloric antrum
2. Pyloric canal
Pyloric antrum characteristics
- Thin-walled
2. Wider proximal part
Pyloric canal characteristics
- Thick-walled
2. Narrower distal part
Greater curvature of the stomach is what type of border?
Convex ventral border
Curvatures of stomach extend from ? to ?
Cardia → pylorus
Lesser curvature of the stomach is what type of border?
Concave dorsal border
Cardiac ostium aka?
Cardia
Pyloric ostium aka?
Pylorus
2 openings of stomach
- Cardiac ostium (cardi)
2. Pyloric ostium (pylorus)
Cardiac ostium is?
Inlet to stomach
Cardiac ostium is controled by?
Cardiac sphincter
Pyloric ostium is?
Outlet of stomach
Pyloric ostium is controlled by?
Pyloric sphincter
2 notches of stomach
- Cardiac notch
2. Angular notch
Location of cardiac notch
Between cardia and fundus
Location of angular notch
Lower part of lesser curvature
Hepatogastric lig. connects?
Liver to lesser curvature
Gastrosplenic lig. connects?
Greater curvature to spleen
Gastrosplenic lig. located on?
Greater omentum
Hepatogastric lig. located?
Divides lesser omentum
Gastrophrenic lig. located?
Between diaphragm and stomach
Gastrophrenic lig. connects?
Esophageal hiatus to cardia
3 parts of small intestine
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
4 parts of large intestine
- Cecum
- Colon
- Rectum
- Anus
Cranial duodenal flexure is connected to?
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Cranial duodenal flexure is located in?
Right cranial quadrant
Descending duodenum is located?
Right cranial quadrant → right caudal quadrant
Lies directly against right dorsolateral abdominal wall
Descending duodenum is connected to right lobe of pancreas by?
Mesoduodenum
Caudal duodenal flexure aka?
Transverse part
Caudal duodenal flexure is located?
Right caudal quadrant → left caudal quadrant
Caudal to root of mesentery
Ascending duodenum is located?
Left caudal quadrant → left cranial quadrant
Duodenocolic fold
Ascending duodenum → descending (meso)colon
Duodenal fossa located?
Cranially (at level of duodenojejunal flexur)
Ascending duodenum contains?
- Duodenocolic fold
2. Duodenal fossa
Duodenojejunal flexure is located?
Left side of roof of mesentery
5 parts of duodenum
- Cranial duodenal flexure
- Descending duodenum
- Caudal duodenal flexure (transverse part)
- Ascending duodenum
- Duodenojejunal flexure
Longest part of SI
Jejunum
Jejunum location
Equally distributed in all quadrants
Jejunum is covered by?
Greater omentum
Jejunum is suspended by?
Mesojejunum
Jejunum lies against?
Ventral and lateral abdominal wall
Ileum is the?
Short terminal segment of SI
Ileum location
- Caudal to root of mesentery
2. Left caudal quadrant → right caudal quadrant
Length of ileum is determined by?
Antimesenteric ileal a. (and ileocecal fold)
Ileocolic orifice aka?
Ileal orifice
Ileocolic orifice is surrounded by?
Ileal papilla
Ileocolic orifice opens to?
Ascending colon
Cecum is?
Short, initial blind-ending part of right intestine
Cecum is located?
Right caudal/cranial quadrant
How is cecum attached to ileum?
Ileocecal fold
Cecocolic orifice
Colon opens into cecum → does not communicate with lieum directly!
Whipworms are found in the?
Cecum
5 parts of colon
- Ascending colon
- Right colic flexure
- Transverse colon
- Left colic flexure
- Descending colon
Ascending colon location?
Right caudal quadrant → right cranial quadrant
Shortest part of colon
Ascending colon
Right colic flexure located?
Right cranial quadrant
Transverse colon located?
- Cranial to root of mesentery
2. Right cranial quadrant → left cranial quadrant
Left colic flexure located?
Left cranial quadrant
Descending colon located?
Left cranial quadrant → left caudal quadrant
Longest portion of colon
Descending colon
Descending colon is attached to ascending duodenum by?
Duodenocolic fold
To visualize right dorsal abdominal wall, lift the?
Descending duodenum
To visualize left dorsal abdominal wall, lift the?
Descending colon
Cranial portion of rectum begins at?
Pelvic inlet
Cranial portion of rectum located in?
Pararectal fossa
Cranial portion of rectum covered by?
Peritoneum
Cranial portion of rectum is suspended by?
Mesorectum
Part of rectum which is retroperitoneal
Caudal portion
Caudal portion of rectum location
Caudal to pararectal fossa
Rectal ampulla
Dilation of the rectum (part of the caudal portion of rectum)
3 parts of anal canal
- Columnar zone
- Intermediate zone
- Cutaneous zone
Anal canal is?
Very short, terminal portion of alimentary canal
Cranial part of anal canal
Columnar zone
3 parts of columnar zone of anal canal
- Anorectal line
- Anal collums
- Anal sinus
Anal collums are?
Longitudinal folds of columnar zone of anal canal
Anal sinus is?
Grooves of columnar zone of anal canal
Middle part of anal canal
Intermediate zone
Intermediate zone of anal canal contains?
Anocutaneous line
Caudal part of anal canal
Cutaneous zone
Circumanal glands open into?
Outer part of cutaneous zone of anal canal
Anal sacs open into?
Inner part of cutaneous zone of anal canal