Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DRUGS > abdominal > Flashcards

abdominal Flashcards

1
Q

gaviscon

A

antacid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does gaviscon work

A

contain an alginate + antacids (sodium bicarb)

antacids buffer stomach acids
alignates increase viscocity of stomach contents = reduce reflux of stomach acid. react w gastric contents = floating raft = separate gastric content to prevent mucosal damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indications for gavison/antacids

A

GORD -symptomatic relife of heart burn

dyspepsia (indigestion) - short term relife

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

contraindications for gaviscon/antacids

A

sodium and potassium containing prepatons as can cause fluid overload or hyperkalaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ranitidine

A

H2 antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

H2 antagonist mode of action

A

reduce gastric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

indications for H2 antagonist

A

peptic ulcer disease

GORD and dyspepsia for releif of symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

alternative for h2 antagnosit

A

PPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

contraindications for H2 antagonist

A

renal impairment - since they are excreted by kidneys

distguise symptoms of gastric cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

side effects of H2 anatagonsit

A

few

bowel distrubance, headahce, dizzines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

omeprazole

A

PPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PPI mode of action

A

reduce gastric acid secretion, act by irreversibly inhibiting H+/K+ - ATPase in gatric parietal cells
suppress gastric acid secretion almost completely, unlike H2 antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

indications for PPIs

A

preventation and treatment of peptic ulcer disease (inc NSAID caused)

symptomatic releif of dyspepsia and GORD

eradication of hpylori (+antibiotics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

contraindications of PPIs

A

disguise gastric cancer

elderly can increase risk of fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

side effects of PPI

A

GI disturbances
headaches
increased risk of C diff
hypomagnesaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

possible interactions of PPIs

A

reduces antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel by decreasing activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes

17
Q

loperamide

A

antidiarrhoeal/antimotility drug

18
Q

mode of action of loperamide

A

agonist of opioid receptors in GI tract - reduces peristaltic contractions in gut

= transit of bwoel contents is slwoed and anal sphincter tone is increased = more time for water absorption and stool hardening

19
Q

inidcations for loperamide

A

symptomatic treatment for diarrhoea

in context of IBS and viral gastroenteritis

20
Q

contraindcations of loperamide

A

avoid in acute UC where peristalissi s may increase risk of megacolon and perforation

not used in acute blood diarrhoea (dysentry) due to possible bacterial infection

21
Q

dysentry

A

acute blood dirrhoea

22
Q

side effects of loperamide

A

few side effects

constipation, abdo cramping, flatulence

23
Q

senna

A

stimulant laxative

24
Q

mode of action of senna

A

stimulant laxatives increase water and electrolye secretion from colonic mucosa = increase vol of colonic content and stimulating perstalsis

25
Q

indications of senna

A

constipation

as suppositories for faecal imopaction

26
Q

contraindications for senna

A

stimulant laxatives not used in patients whom intestinal obstruction is suspected = insduce perforation
rectal preparations sually avoided if haemorrhoids or anal fissure present

27
Q

side effects of senna

A

abdo pain or crmaping and diarrhoea

prolonged use = melanosis coli (reversible pigmentation of intestinal wal

28
Q

mesalazine

A

all other variants end with salazine

aminosalicylates 5ASA

29
Q

mode of action of mesalazine/ 5ASA

A

not fully understood
possbily reduce release of cytokines from gut mucosa
but reduece inflammation

30
Q

indications fro mesalazine

A

prevent remission of UC
treat flare ups of UC
some forms of arthritis
crohns, but not so useful

31
Q

contraindications for mesalzine

A

renal function monitored after 3 months and 1 ear

avoid in severe liver or renal impairment

32
Q

side effects of mesalazine

A

diarrhoea, nausea, vomtiing, exacerbation of colitis symptoms, headache, hpersensitivity

33
Q

metcloperamide

A

antiemetics

= dopamine D2 receptor antagonist

34
Q

mode of action of antiemetics

A

block D2 receptors = prokinetic effect, promiting gastric emptying

effective in nausea and vomititng due to CTZ stimulation and reduced gut moility (due to opioids or diagbetic gastroparesiss)

35
Q

indications of antimetics

A

prophylaxis of nausea and vomtiing

36
Q

contraindications of antiemetics

A

avoid in children and young adults

not in paitents with GI obstruction and perforation

37
Q

side effects of antiemetics

A

risk of extrapyramidal side effects increased when prescribed with antipsychotics

should not be prescribed with dopaminergic agents for parkinsosn as will antagonise effects

DRUGS (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions