Abdomen, Pelvis, Perineum Part 2 DR Flashcards
describe the structure of the peritoneum
visceral - lines organs
parietal - lines the internal abdominopelvic wall
both layers are single layers of simple squamous epithelium
describe the blood and nerve supply of the visceral peritoneum
what sensation is it sensitive to
describe the blood and nerve supply of the parietal peritoneum
what sensation is it sensitive to
describe the relationship of the organs to peritoneum
intraperitoneal
retroperitoneal
subperitoneal
extraperitoneal
what is peritoneal fluid
where is it found
what is its function
how does the peritoneal cavity differ in males vs females
what is the clinical significance of this
how does the growth rate of the gut compare to growth of the body embryologically
what is the impact of this
how are intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal organs formed embryologically
how are viscera connected to the abdominal wall
what are the properties of an organ which determine whether they have intra or retroperitoneal (embryologically)
what is the difference between retroperitoneal and secondary retroperitoneal
what is the clinical implication of organs being secondarily retroperitoneal
toldt fascia
why is the peritoneum highly folded
what is mesentery
what is its function
how are is mesentery named
what is omentum
what are the attachments of the greater omentum
what are the attachments of the lesser omentum
what is a peritoneal ligament
what are the peritoneal ligaments of the liver
falciform ligament
continuous parts of lesser omentum
what are the peritoneal ligaments of the stomach
continuous parts of greater omentum
what are bare areas
why are they necessary
what dictates their location
what are the peritoneal folds
what are peritoneal fossa
how is the peritoneal cavity divided
greater peritoneal sac - everything not in lesser sac
lesser peritoneal sac (omental bursa) - space behind lesser omentum, inbetween posterior stomach and anterior kidney
communicate via epiploic foramen
greater sac further divided into
supra colic infra colic - separated by mesentery of transverse colon, communicate through paracolic gutters
infra colic - separated into left and right by mesentery of small intestine
describe the extent of the omental bursa
superior recess - limited by diaphragm and coronary ligament of liver
inferior recess - between greater omentum folds
what is the function of the omental bursa
allows stomach to move freely on structures inferior and posterior to it
where is the epiploic foramen
what are its borders
posterior to free edge of lesser omentum (where the hepatoduodenal ligament is)
anterior border - hepatoduodenal ligament
posterior - IVC (covered with peritoneum)
superior - liver
inferior - first part of duodenum
what is the foregut, midgut, hindgut
all branches of abdominal aorta
foregut - coeliac axis
midgut - superior mesenteric
hindgut - inferior mesenteric
what makes up the gastrointestinal tract
oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) and large intestine (cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum, anal canal)
what is the blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract
from abdominal aorta:
foregut - coeliac axis
midgut - superior mesenteric
hindgut - inferior mesenteric
describe the blood supply coming from coeliac axis
describe blood supply coming from superior mesenteric artery
describe blood supply coming from inferior mesenteric artery
describe venous drainage of GI tract
what are the constrictions of the oesophagus
describe the muscle changes of the oesophagus
what level does the oesophagus enter the stomach
describe the blood supply to the liver
describe the blood supply to the stomach
describe the blood supply to the small intestine
describe the blood supply to the large intestine
j
