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Differential Diagnoses > Abdomen - GIT > Flashcards

Abdomen - GIT Flashcards

1
Q

Pneumoperitoneum

A

Perforation from peptic ulcer, infarction, malignant neoplasm, obstruction, iatrogenic

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2
Q

Gasless abdomen

A

Ascites, pancreatitis, bowel obstruction, abdominal mass

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3
Q

Upper third pharyngeal diverticulum

A

Zenker, lateral pharyngeal (glass blowers or trumpeters) and Killian-Jamieson

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4
Q

Middle third pharyngeal diverticulum

A

Traction and congenital

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5
Q

Lower third pharyngeal diverticulum

A

Ulcer, Mallory-Weiss, Postsurgical

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6
Q

Esophageal ulceration

A

Inflammatory (Reflux, Barrett, Candida, Caustic, Crohn and drug-induced) and Neoplastic (Leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma)

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7
Q

Smooth esophageal strictures

A

Inflammatory (Scleroderma, iatrogenic), neoplastic (SCC, leiomyoma, mediastinal mass) and Achalasia

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8
Q

Irregular esophageal stricture

A

Inflammatory (Reflux or Crohn), Neoplastic (Plummer-Vinson, Barrett, SCC, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma)

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9
Q

Primary malignant stomach neoplasm with filling defect

A

Carcinoma, Lymphoma, GIST

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10
Q

Polyps with stomach filling defect

A

Hyperplastic (MC), adenomatous (ass’d pernicious anemia) and hamartomatous (multiple, antrum, Peutz-Jegher, Gardner syndrome)

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11
Q

Submucosal stomach masses with filling defect

A

Leiomyoma, Lipoma, Neurofibroma and Mets

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12
Q

Thickened stomach folds

A

Inflammatory (Gastritis, Zollinger-Ellison, Crohn, acute pancreatitis), Neoplastic (Lymphoma, carcinoma, eosinophilic gastroenteritis) , Menetrier disease and Varices

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13
Q

Linitis plastica

A

Neo (gastric carcinoma, lymphoma, mets (breast), pancreatic carcinoma), inflammatory (Corrosives, radiotherapy, TB, eosinophilic gastroenteritis

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14
Q

Bulls-eye lesion in stomach

A

Submucosal mets (melanoma, lymphoma commonest), leiomyoma, Pancreatic rests, neurofibroma

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15
Q

Decreased duodenal folds

A

Scleroderma, Crohn, cystic fibrosis, amyloidosis

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16
Q

Duodenal fold thickening or mass

A

Neo (adenocarcinoma, Brunner gland hamartoma, adenoma, GIST, leiomyoma, lymphona, NET, mets (melanoma, breast or lung)), inflammatory (ulcer, Crohn, hamatoma, ischemia, worm infestation)

17
Q

Dilated small bowel with normal folds

A

Mechanical obstruction, paralytic ileus, celiac disease, scleroderma

18
Q

Dilation small bowel with thickened folds

A

Ischemia, Crohn, Lymphoma, Zollinger-Ellison

19
Q

Small bowel strictures

A

Crohn, radiation, lymphoma, carcinoma, mets

20
Q

Thickened folds in non-dilated small bowel - regular and smooth

A

Intramural hematoma, ischemia, radiation therapy, edema, amyloidosis or eosinophilic enteritis

21
Q

Thickened folds in non-dilated small bowel - IRrregular and distorted

A

Crohn, Zollinger-ellison, lymhoma, mets, TB, amyloidosis, Giardiasis

22
Q

Multiple nodules in small bowel

A

Crohns, Whipple disease, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, lymphoma, Polyposis (Peutz-Jegher, Gardner, Canada-Crohnkite), infection (thypoid, yersinia

23
Q

Colonic polyps

A

Adenomatous (Simple, familial polyposis syndromes), hamartomatous (Peutz-Jegher), ulcerative colitis, Crohn, Canada-Cronkite

24
Q

Colonic strictures

A

Neo (Carcinoma, lymhoma), Inflam (UC, Crohn), ischemia, infective (TB, amoeba, schistosomiasis), extrinsic mass (tumors or endometriosis)

25
Q

Diffuse colitis

A

UC, CMV, Ecoli, pseudomembranous colitis

26
Q

Primarily Right-sided colitis

A

Crohn, Salmonella, TB, ischemia

27
Q

Primarily left-sided colitis

A

UC, ischemia, diverticultis, epiploic appendagitis

28
Q

Pneumatosis intestinalis

A

Low risk (asthma, cystic fibrosis, collagen vascular disease, corticosteroids) and high risk (ischemia, intestinal obstruction, toxic megacolon, trauma)

29
Q

Megacolon in an adult WITHOUT mucosal changes

A

Distal obstruction, ileus, purgative abuse

30
Q

Megacolon in an adult WITH mucosal changes

A

Inflam (UC, Crohn), ischemia, dysentry

31
Q

Colonic thumbprinting

A

UC, Crohn, Ischemia, schistosomiasis, lymphoma and mets

32
Q

Cystic pancreatic mass

A

Pseudocyst, VHL, carcinoma

33
Q

Paraaortic cystic nodes

A

Testicular or cervical carcinoma

34
Q

Retroperitoneal cystic tumor

A

Lymphangioma, leiomyosarcoma, cystic teratoma, Mullerian cyst

35
Q

Retrorectal space widening (>1.5cm at S4)

A

Normal in obese, inflam (UC, Crohn, abscess), Neo (carcinoma, mets, sacral tumors), developmental cysts

36
Q

Cystic renal masses

A

Polycystic kidney disease, Cortical cysts (simple or VHL, Turner, tuberous sclerosis-related), medullary cysts

Differential Diagnoses (12 decks)

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