Abdomen: Foregut

Question 1

What structures are a part of the foregut?

What is the major vasculature supplying the foregut from the abdominal Aorta?

Answer 1

Foregut Structures:

• Abdominal Esophagus
• Stomach
• Duodenum
• Liver
• Gallbladder
• Pancreas
• Spleen (not technically part of GI)

Foregut structures are supplied by the Celiac trunk.

Question 2

The esophagus enters the abdominal cavity through what structure/foramen?

Answer 2

The esophagus passes through the Esophageal Hiatus (@ T10).

The abdominal esophagus includes the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)

Question 3

Describe the stomach.

Answer 3

Question 4

Describe the Duodenum and it’s parts

Answer 4

1. Superior: Most duodenal ulcers occur here
2. Descending: Contains junction of the foregut and midgut where the common bile and main pancreatic ducts open (Greater duodenal Papilla)
3. Inferior/Transverse: Longest part
4. Ascending: Ascends to the left of the aorta and becomes mesenteric as the jejunum (Duodenojejunal flexure)

Question 5

What anchors the ascending duodenum?

Answer 5

Anchored by the ligament of Treitz (few smooth muscle fibers) to the diaphragm

Question 7

Describe the vascularization of the stomach

Answer 7

• Lesser Curvature:
  
  • Celiac Trunk >
    
    • L gastric
    • Common Hepatic >
      
      • R Gastric
• Greater Curvature:
  
  • Celiac Trunk >
    
    • Splenic >
      
      • L Gastroepiploic
    • Common Hepatic >
      
      • Gastroduodenal >
        
        • R Gastroepiploic
• Fundus:
  
  • Celiac Trunk >
    
    • Splenic >
      
      • Short Gastric

Question 8

Describe the vasculature of the pancreas

Answer 8

• Tail:
  
  • Celiac Trunk >
    
    • Splenic >
      
      • Dorsal pancreatic
      • Great Pancreatic
      • Caudal Pancreatic
• Body:
  
  • Celiac Trunk >
    
    • Common Hepatic >
      
      • Gastroduodenal >
        
        • A&P Superior Pancreaticoduodenal
• –
  
  • Superior Mesenteric >
    
    • Common inferior pancreaticoduodenal >
      
      • A&P Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal

Question 9

Describe the vasculature of the Gallbladder

Answer 9

• Celiac Trunk >
  
  • Common Hepatic >
    
    • Proper Hepatic >
      
      • R hepatic >
        
        • Cystic

Question 10

What are the major branches of the celiac trunk?

Answer 10

Celiac Trunk >

• L Gastric a.
• Splenic a.
• Common Hepatic a.

Question 11

Describe the branches of the Splenic a.

Answer 11

Splenic a. >

• Dorsal Pancreatic
• Great pancreatic
• L Gastroepiploic
• Caudal pancreatic
• Short Gastric

Supplies:

• Stomach (fundus & greater curvature)
• Pancreas tail (primarily tail with some body)
• Spleen

Question 12

Describe the branches of the Common Hepatic a.

Answer 12

Common Hepatic a. >

• Proper Hepatic
  
  • L hepatic
  • R hepatic
    
    • Cystic
  • R Gastric
• Gastroduodenal
  
  • Supraduodenal
  • R Gastroepiploic
  • A&P Superior PD

Supplies:

• Liver
• Gallbladder
• Stomach (lesser curvature)
• Body of Pancreas
• Duodenum