Abdomen Flashcards
What are some topics you would see asked about in the health history
Appetite Dysphagia- GERD? Food intolerance Abdominal pain Nausea/vomiting Bowel habits- description of last movement, normal routine, Abdominal history- have you ever had an obst, any problems, surgeries, Medications – laxatives, antacids Nutritional assessment
What are the two ways of subdividing the abdomen
the four quadrants
9 regions
How to make 4 quadrants
line vertical with the xiphoid process
line horizontal with the umbillicus
How to make 9 regions
two vertical lines on the inguinal ligaments
two horizontal lines– one on the lower ribs– one at the illiac crest
For abdomen assessment, what is the order of methods of assessment
inspection
ausculatation
percussion/palpation
Why is ausculation done before palpation and percussion?
bx palp and percussion can cause movement in the bowels cause sounds
What are some things to plan for before doing an assessment
Good Lighting Warm room Empty bladder Draping Supine, head raised, ? knees raised
When auscultating make sure to measure
all four quadrants on the curves of the interstines
What is hypoactive bowel sounds
less than 5 per minute
What is hyperactive bowel sounds
more than 30 per minute
What is a normal bowel sound
5-30 per minute
How long do you need to listen to the bowel sounds to say they are absent/ileus of bowel sounds
at least 5 mins
How to describe distention
firm
distended
What is a common sign of a bowel obstruction
ddiarrhea
