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Health Assessment Jenna > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

trouble swallowing

A

dysphagia

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2
Q

consideration if person has dysphagia

A

aspiratie pneumonia

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3
Q

parts of the right upper quadrant RUQ

A 
liver
gallbladder
duodenum
head of pancreas
R kidney & adrenal
hepatic flexure of colon
part of ascending and transverse colon
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4
Q

parts of the left upper quadrant LUQ

A 
stomach
spleen
L lobe of liver
body of pancreas
L kidney & adrenal
splenic flexure of colon
part of transverse and descending colon
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5
Q

parts of the right lower quadrant RLQ

A 
cecum
appendix
R ovary & tube
R ureter
R spermatic cord
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6
Q

parts of left lower quadrant

A 
part of descending colon
sigmoid colon
L ovary and tube
L ureter
L spermatic cord
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7
Q

aorta
uterus (if enlarged)
bladder (if enlarged)

A

midline

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8
Q

where would you see the female menstrual?

A

hypogastric

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9
Q

what are the developmental considerations of infants and children?

A

liver larger
bladder higher in abdomen
abdomen less muscular

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10
Q

what does the liver do?

A

metabolizes

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11
Q

what are the developmental considerations of a pregnant woman?

A 
nausea and vomiting
heartburn
intestines displaced upward and posteriorly
decrease in bowel sounds
skin changes (striae)
gerd
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12
Q

why do we see nausea and vomiting in a pregnant woman?

A

lots of progesterone

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13
Q

heartburn

A

pyrosis

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14
Q

esophageal cancer when long cells turn to round cells

A

Barretts Esophagus (prilasec, zantec)

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15
Q

what are some developmental stages seen in older adults?

A 
fat
decrease in saliva
esophageal emptying delayed
decrease in gastric acid
decrease in B12
decrease in liver size
decrease in appetite
decrease in blood flow
increase in gallstones 
increase in constipation
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16
Q

with older adults we see a decrease in b12 because of what?

A

decrease in gastric acid

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17
Q

a decrease in B12 can cause

A

pernicious anemia

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18
Q

who do we see an increase in gallstones in?

A

fair skin, fat, forty

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19
Q

with a decrease in blood flow what goes along with that?

A

takes longer to metabolize drugs (toxicity)

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20
Q

intermittent diarrhea or constipation?

A

irritable bowel syndrome

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21
Q

what do you do if IBS?

A

eat small frequent meals

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22
Q

what will IBS not do?

A

won’t show up on scan

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23
Q

what are the 3 types of abdominal pain?

A

visceral
parietal
referred

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24
Q

from internal organ (dull, general, precisely localized

A

visceral pain

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25
Q

inflammation of overlying peritoneum (sharp, poorly localized, aggravated by movement) everywhere

A

parietal pain

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26
Q

from disorder in one area to another

A

referred pain

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27
Q

what is an example of parietal pain?

A

ruptured appendix

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28
Q

burning

A

peptic ulcer

29
Q

cramping

A

biliary colic/renal stone

30
Q

severe cramping

A

appendicitis

31
Q

stabbing

A

pancreatitis

32
Q

severe cramping starts at belly button and moves to RLQ

A

appendicitis

33
Q

gradual onset of pain

A

infection

34
Q

acute pain; awakens patient

A

duodenal cancer

35
Q

LOC changes

A

acute pancreatitis, perforated ulcer, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, intestinal obstruction

36
Q

It is important to find out adolescents

A

body image and food diary

37
Q

what is the order of an abdomen assessment

A

inspect
ascultate
percuss
palpate

38
Q

what is important when assessing infants?

A

have them stay in moms lap

39
Q

what is important when inspecting

A 
pillow under head and knees to relax stomach
contour
characteristic
pulsations
movements
40
Q

what do you use when listening to the bowels and aorta

A

bowels–diaphragm

aorta–bell

41
Q

what do you listen to?

A

4 quadrants for bowel sounds

aorta, R/L renal aorta, R/L iliac arteries

42
Q

rumbling of the guts

A

borborygmus

43
Q

what are the four types of contour that describe the nutritional state?

A

flat
rounded
scaphoid (sunken in)
protuberant (severe out)

44
Q

swooshing over arteries

A

murmur

45
Q

what do you percuss?

A

liver and 4 quads and CVA tenderness

46
Q

what should you hear over liver?

A

dull

47
Q

what should you hear over 4 quads

A

tympany throughout

48
Q

what do you percuss CVA tenderness for?

A

kidneys

49
Q

What do you palpate?

A

4 quads light
4 quads deep
R costal margin for liver
midline aorta

50
Q

how do you palpate the liver?

A

shove against costal margin or hooking technique

51
Q

rebound tenderness

A

blumberg’s sign

52
Q

inflammation of the gallbladder

A

cholecystitis

53
Q

take a deep breath and palpate gallbladder will hurt on inspiration

A

murphy sign (inspiratory arrest)

54
Q

use when acute abdominal pain of appendicitis is suspected..lift leg..pain will be in RLQ

A

iliopsoas muscle test

55
Q

when does a newborns umbilical stump dry?

A

2 weeks

56
Q

when does a umbilical hernia appear

A

2-3 weeks and disappears by 1 year

57
Q

what does an infant have

A

abdomen respiratory movement

58
Q

when palpating an infant have mom

A

flex knee with one hand and palpate with the other

59
Q

what is normally palpable in an infant

A

liver

60
Q

what is important to watch when palpating

A

facial expressions

61
Q

fast food–colicy pain

A

gallbladder

62
Q

shoulder pain

A

gallbladder

63
Q

burning pain under rib cage—laying down at night and burning

A

drink milk and crackers

64
Q

what tributes heartburn

A

obesity

65
Q

lymph organ making lymphocytes to fight for us

A

spleen

66
Q

what do we not palpate for?

A

spleen

67
Q

why do we not palpate for spleen?

A

it could rupture and we could bleed to death

68
Q

what can expand to 3xs its size?

A

spleen

69
Q

what is protected by back of ribcage?

A

kidneys

Health Assessment Jenna (8 decks)

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