Abdomen Flashcards
What makes the pelvic girdle?
Illium, pubis & ischium
What controls the temperature of the testes?
Tunica dartos
What layer do the gonads development in ?
layer 7
What are the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?
deep inguinal ring
inferior epigastric a. & v.
weak area (hesselbach)
conjoint tendon
Where is a indirect hernia located?
Lateral to epigastric a. & v.
Where is a direct hernia located?
medial to epigastric a & v
What are the contents of the inguinal canal?
Ilioinguinal nerve testicular a. pampiniform venous plexus vas deferens lymph autonomic fibers spermatic fascia
What is the gubernaculum?
it guides the testes decent into the scrotum
What is the purpose of the tunica vaginalis?
decreases friction of the testes
What does the foregut form?
Pharynx esophagus stomach duodenum (1 &2 parts) Liver pancreas biliary apparatus and gallbladder spleen
What does the midgut form?
duodenum 2-4 parts) jejunum ileum cecum appendix ascending colon transverse colon
What does the handout form?
transverse colon - splenic flexture descending colon sigmoid colon rectum anal canal
What are the rotations of the forgot and midgut?
Forgut-90 clockwise
midgut -270
What passes through the visceral peritoneum?
blood supply
lymphatics
innervation
Where do you find the head of the tail of the pancreas?
Intraperitoneal
Where is the first part of the duodenum found ?
Intraperitoneal
What two parts of the colon are intraperitoneal?
transverse & sigmoid
What two parts of the colon are retroperitoneal ?
ascending & descending
Where is the morison pouch located ?
hepato renal
What does the splenorenal ligament connect?
tail of the pancreas and the left kidney
What can be found in the splenorenal ligament ?
splenic vessels
tail of pancreas
What portion of the spleen is developed from dorsal and ventral buds.
dorsal: neck, body , tail
ventral: head and uncinate
Vitelline fistula
communication between midgut & umbilicus
What does the allantois form?
urinary bladder
What is the defect of omphalocele?
failure of midgut to return into the body cavity
What is the defect of gastroschisis?
closure of the body wall
What is elevated when there is body wall damage ?
Alpha fetoprotein
What causes hirschsprung?
failure of neural crest
Bleeding proximal to Ligamentum Treitz means ?
vomiting blood
Bleeding distal to Ligamentum Treitz means ?
anal blood
What are the dual blood supply of th head of pancreas ?
inferior pancreaticoduodenal from SMA
and superior pancreaticoduodenal from celiac
What is the dual supply of the greater curvature?
Left & right gastroepiploic from Celiac
What crosses the superior mesenteric artery
Left renal vein
3rd part duodenum
Where does the IVC start ?
L5
enters diaphragm at T8
What forms the hepatic portal vein?
SMV & splenic vein at the neck of the pancreas
Where does the IMV drain to ?
splenic vein
What is the portalcaval anastomoses at the esophagus
portal circulation blocked–> left gastric vein–> esophagealvein–> azygos vein–> SVC
What is the portalcaval anastomoses at the rectum ?
blocked portal system–> superior rectal –> inferior rectal –> IVC
What is the portalcaval anatomoses at the umbilicus
blocked portal system –>paraumbilical vein–>superficial and inferior epigastric vein
What is the first functional filtration unit of the kidney ?
Mesonephros
What muscle is weakened in urinary incontinence?
sphincter urethrae
What are the actions of the detrusor and internal sphincter during bladder fill-in?
Detrusor relaxed
internal sphincter contracted
What muscles are working during the emptying of the bladder ?
detrusor contracted
internal sphincter relaxed
Where is the most common ectopic implantation?
rectouterine pouch - pouch of douglas
