Abdomen

Question 1

What are the three unpaired visceral arteries

Answer 1

• celiac
• cranial mesenteric
• caudal mesenteric

Question 2

What structures does the celiac artery supply and what does it anastomose with

Answer 2

Liver (hepatic artery) 
Spleen 
Stomach 
Pancreas 
Omenta 

• caudal mesenteric artery
• oesophageal arteries of thorax

Question 3

What structures does the cranial mesenteric artery supply and what does it anastomose with

Answer 3

Duodenum, pancreas, jejunum colon, ileum, caecum

• celiac artery
• caudal mesenteric artery

Question 4

What structures does the caudal mesenteric artery supply and what does it anastomose with

Answer 4

The descending colon and rectum

• cranial mesenteric artery
• cranial rectal

Question 5

What are the two paired visceral arteries

Answer 5

Renal

Testicular/ ovarian

Question 6

Describe the renal artery and what is supplies

Answer 6

It is a paired visceral artery
The right is more cranial to the left
Large
Supplies kidneys

Question 7

Describe the testicular/ ovarian arteries

Answer 7

Paired visceral arteries
Supply the genitalia
Testicular artery ( aswell as vein and nerve plexus) lie within peritoneum - mesorchium
The ovarian artery lies within the broad ligament along side the rest of the female reproductive tract, vessels and nerves

Question 8

List the paired parietal arteries

Answer 8

Lumbar artery 
Phrenicoabdominal artery 
Deep circumflex iliac artery 
External Iliac artery 
Internal iliac artery

Question 9

What structures does the lumbar artery supply with how many branches does it have

Answer 9

It has 7 paired branches + 2 pairs from thoracic aorta

•supplies the epaxial muscles, dorsal skin, vertebral canal

Question 10

What structures does the phrenicoabdominal artery supply

Answer 10

It is comprised of the caudal phrenic and cranial abdominal arteries)
It supplies the diaphragm and abdominal wall

Question 11

What structures does the deep circumflex iliac artery supply

Answer 11

Abdominal wall

Question 12

What structures does the external iliac artery supply

Answer 12

Hindlimb

Abdominal wall

Question 13

What structures does the internal iliac artery supply

Answer 13

Muscles over the ilium

Question 14

Describe the venous drainage system

Answer 14

Veins flow into the caudal vena cava
•paired veins close to equivalent arteries
•no unpaired veins drain directly into caudal vena cava
•hepatic portal vein drains all parts of the GI tract into the liver

Question 15

What are the paired visceral veins

Answer 15

Hepatic- drains the liver
Renal- drains the kidneys
Ovarian/ testicular- drains genitalia left vein drains into the renal vein
Veins are held in the broad ligament: misorchium

Question 16

Describe the paired parietal veins

Answer 16

•Lumbar- drains to from right azygous vein
- drains vertebral canal, epaxial musculature and dorsal skin
•phrenicoabdominal- drains blood from the diaphragm and abdominal wall
•deep circumflex iliac- drains abdominal wall
•external iliac- drains the hindlimb and abdominal wall
•internal iliac- drains muscles over ilium
-drains last part of rectal and anal region

Question 17

What is the hepatic portal vein

Answer 17

A large vein which supplies blood to the liver
Drains regions supplied by the unpaired visceral vessels (celiac, caudal and cranial mesenteric arteries)
-spleen, intra-abdominal digestive organs, caudal part of thoracic oesophagus, bulk of rectum)

Question 18

What are the tributaries of the hepatic portal vein

Answer 18

• Cranial mesenteric
• Caudal mesenteric
• Gastroduodenal- duodenum, stomach, pancreas and omentum
• Splenic- spleen, last part of oesophagus, pancreas and omentum

Question 19

What are the anastomoses present within the hepatic portal vein

Answer 19

Caudal and cranial mesenteric
Caudal mesenteric and cranial rectal
Splenic and cranial mesenteric
Gastroduodenal and splenic