Abdo

Question 1

asterixis

Answer 1

– hepatic encephalopathy / CO2 retention

Question 2

clubbing abdo

Answer 2

cirrhosis, IBD, coeliac disease (or resp except COPD)

Question 3

leukonychia

Answer 3

hypoalbumin in cirrhosis

Question 4

koilonychia

Answer 4

– iron deficiency

Question 5

raised oestrogen LD signs

Answer 5

p erythema, s naevi, gynaecomastia, loss of axillary hair

Question 6

Dupytren’s contracture abdo

Answer 6

alcoholism / liver disease

Question 7

glossitis causes

Answer 7

b12 or iron deficient

Question 8

Virchow’s node raised

Answer 8

gastric malignancy

feel left fossa

Question 9

spider naevi

Answer 9

need 5+

Question 10

distended abdo reasons x5

Answer 10

fluid, flatus, fat, foetus, faeces

Question 11

striae abdo

Answer 11

pregnant

Cush

Question 12

peritonitis signs

Answer 12

no breath transmission, rebound tenderness, guarding

Question 13

hepatomegaly

Answer 13

metastasis, HCC, hepatitis, RVF, leukaemia/lymphoma, fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease

Question 14

splenomegaly

Answer 14

leukaemia, lymphoma, myelofibrosis, MP disorders, portalHTN, malaria, EBV, haemolysis

Question 15

differentiating spleen vs kidney o/e

Answer 15

spleen moves on insp, can’t ballot or get above it

Question 16

shifting dullness o/e

Answer 16

becomes resonant if ascites move

Question 17

tinkling bowel sounds

Answer 17

obstructed

Question 18

absent bowel sounds

Answer 18

paralytic ileus, peritonitis

Question 19

leg oedema abdo

Answer 19

low albumin liver diseae