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Anatomy > Abdo > Flashcards

Abdo Flashcards

1
Q 
Borders of the femoral canal 
Medial 
Lateral 
Anterior 
Posterior
A

Medial: lacunar ligament
Lateral: femoral vein
Anterior: inguinal ligament
Posterior: pectineal ligament of cooper

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2
Q

Content of the femoral canal

A

Fat

Cloquets nodes

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3
Q

Contents of the male Inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord

Ilioinguinal nerve

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4
Q

Contents of the female inguinal canal

A

️round ligament
Ilioinguinal nerve
Geniculate branch of genfem nerve

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5
Q

Content of spermatic cord

A

3 layers of fascia
3 ateries
3 veins
2 nerves

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6
Q

Hesselbachs triangle

A

Medial: ️rectus abdominis
Lateral: inferior epigastric artery
Inferior: inguinal ligament

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7
Q

Border of the inguinal canal

  • anterior
  • posterior
  • floor
  • roof
A

Anterior: external oblique and internal oblique for lateral third

Posterior: transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon for medial third

Floor: inguinal ligament

Roof: arching fibres of transversus and internal oblique

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8
Q

4 parts of dueodenum

A

D1: dueodenul cap - commonest place for dueodenul ulcers, overlapped by gall bladder

D2 : descending part, contains major dueodenul papilla

D3: inferior part - can be compressed by SMA anneryseum

D4: ascending part, end at dj flexure/ligament of trietz

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9
Q

Denate line

A

Sqaumomucosal junction

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10
Q

White line

A

Where anal canal becomes true skin

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11
Q

Calot triangle margins

A

Superior- inferior edge of ️liver

Medial : common hepatic duct and right hepatic duct

Inferior - cystic ducts

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12
Q

Contents of calot triangle

A

Cystic atery

Also - calots/Lund node, abberent hepatic artery

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13
Q

Innervation of the abdominal wall

A

Intercostal nerves T7-T11
Subcostal nerve - T12
Ilio-inguinal and ilio-hypo gastric nerves - l1

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14
Q

Blood supply to the abdominal wall

A

Superior: superficial - musculophrenic artery, Deep - superficial epigastric
Inferior: superficial - 2 branches of the femorals, deep- branches of the external iliac

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15
Q

Where is the arcuate line of Douglas

A

Midway between the umbilicus and the pubic symphysis

Above the arcuate line the rectus sheath complelty encloses the rectus muscle, this allows expansion of the pelvic content into the abdomen

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16
Q

Position of the gallbladder

A

Where the midclavicular line meets the right costal margin in 9th costal cartilidge

17
Q

Position of the appendix

A

Base is consistently found at confluence of the caecal taeni coli however the rest of the position is very variable

  • retroceaceal - 75%
  • sub-caecal and pelvic - 20%
  • retro or pre-Illeal - 5%,
18
Q

Why do you initially have central abdominal pain in appendicitis

A

Visceral pain is carried by the lesser splanchic nerve which refers to the t10 dermatome

19
Q

What is the ano rectal ring

A

Deep segment of external sphincter which is continuous with puboretalis muscle which is part of levator Ani

About 5cm away from the anal canal and demarcates the junction between the anal canal and the rectum

Must be preserved to maintain conintence

20
Q

Common areas for collection

A 
Subphrenic recess 
Hepatorenal recess - Morrison's pouch 
Lesser sac 
Paracolic gutters 
Small bowel - interloop spaces 
Pelvis: pouch of Douglas
21
Q

Branches of Coeliac trunk

A

Left gastric
Common hepatic
Splenic

22
Q

Branches of the super mesenteric artery

A 
Inferior pancreaticodueodenal 
Ileal mans jejunal vessels 
Middle colic 
Right colic 
Ileocolic
23
Q

Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic
Sigmoidal branches
Superior rectal artery

24
Q

Marginal artery of Drummond

A

Anastomotic artery between middle colic and ascending branch of left colic which may maintian hind gut blood supply even when IMA is stenosed

25
Q

Splanchnic nerve - innervation and root

A

Greater Splanchnic nerve (T5-T10) = foregut
Lesser Splanchnic nerve (T10-T11) = midgut
Least Splanchnic nerve (T12) = kidney
Lumbar Splanchnic nerves (L1-L2) = hindgut

26
Q

Two layers of enteric nervous system

A

Myenteric plexus of Auerbach

Submucosal plexus of Meisner

27
Q

Places of ureteric narrowing

A

Pelviureteric junction
Crossing the iliac vessels at the brim
Vesicoureteric junction

28
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A 
SAD PUCKER 
Suprenal - adrenal glands 
Aorta/IVC 
Dueodenum - 2nd and 3rd parts 
Pancreas - except tail 
Ureters 
Colon - ascending and descending 
Kidney
Esophegous 
Rectum

Anatomy (5 decks)

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