Aaron: Uworld IM deck 3 Flashcards
Anti-thyroid medication:
1st trimesters use what?
2nd trimesters use what?
1st: PTU
2nd: Methimazole
Prolactinoma can cause what problems?
Osteoporosis
Medullary Thryoid Cancer, once diagnosed, what is the next lab value that should be analyzed?
Plasma Free metanephrines, need to know before surgery, if elevated, treat before surgery
If a woman has amenorrhea before 40 years old, what is the best treatment?
Conjugated equine estrogen with medroxyprogesterone acetate
What hormone levels should be evaluated to determine thyroid treatment efficacy?
Total T3 and free T4
Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, mood swings, osteoporosis, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis?
Cushing Syndrome
What measurement does a Case Control typically use?
Odds Ratio
When data is normally distributed, what value is most centrally distributed?
mean of the data
When data is not normally distributed, what value is most centrally distributed?
median of the data
A highly sensitivity test can rule a disease in or out?
What is it good for?
High sensitivity can rule out a disease
Good Screening test
A highly specific test can or cannot confirm a test?
What is it good for?
High specificity can confirm a disease
Good Confirmatory test
ANOVA is good for looking at what?
What value will it have?
It is good at looking at the mean value for several groups (3 or more groups)
F value, can make a p-value out of it
Internal Validity can be increased by what?
Blinding the observers, having a tightly controlled study
External Validity can be increased by what?
Making it more similar to real live patients and people
Pearson Chi Square test looks at what?
Categorical Data, 2 groups for non-numerical data (Presence of MI (yes or no))
When are abdominal binders used in female patients (s/p C-section)?
Fascial Dehiscence only, only use temporarily 2/2 emergency surgery
Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke allows for permissive HTN?
Ischemic stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke what is the goal BP?
SBP should be 140-160
A patient has abnormal bleeding s/p gastric bypass surgery, what is something that should be evaluated?
Vitamin C levels
When a patient has extra iron, what should they be given?
Deferoxamine
What is the inheritance pattern of Myotonic Dystrophy?
Autosomal Dominant
Chromosomal abnormalities and congenital infection shows up in what trimester?
What type of growth delay?
1st Trimester
Symmetric Growth Delay
Uteroplacental insufficiency and maternal malnutrition can cause what kind of growth delay?
When is the onset?
Asymmetric Growth Delay
2nd/3rd Trimester
Tumor Lysis syndrome will cause problems with what type of blockage?
Obstructing Calcium-phosphate stones
Variable deceleration on the fetal monitor means what?
Umbilical Cord Compression
Sinusoidal Fetal heart tracing is code for what?
Fetal Anemia
What causes late decelerations on the baby monitor?
Placental Insufficiency
A patient with recurrent episodes of fever, dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and fatigue, that coincide with intermittent inhaled antigen exposure, but resolves and can repeated as well, what is this?
Acute Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Ataxia, confusion, CNS depression, nausea, vomiting, and nystagmus with anti-seizure medications would be what?
Phenytoin overdose
Vascular nerve root compression in the face is what?
Trigeminal Neuralgia
If a young patient has sudden onset jaundice after a fast, young female, no other smoking gun pathologies, no alcohol abuse hx, what is the next thought?
Gilbert Syndrome, no further tests
Cervical spondylosis Myelopathy has upper and lower extremity what?
weakness, diminished reflexes and increased reflexes & spasticity
upper and lower extremities
Sudden onset unconsciousness, midsized, fixed pupils, abnormal limb posturing with an increase in ICP, what is this?
Brain Herniation, also called Cushing’s Triad
Gait Instability
Truncal Ataxia
Postural Incoordination
With alcohol what is this?
Alcoholic Cerebellar Degeneration
ABG on room air (hypercapnia, normal A-a gradient), no intrinsic pulmonary disease
OSA
Hyponatremia
Fever
diarrhea
Recently returned from a trip, what is this?
Legionella’s Disease, Levofloxacin
Cervical Radiculopathy usually arises after heavy activity. What test should be done?
MRI of the shoulder
Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia have elevated what?
Multiple Myeloma have elevated what?
IgM elevated (has vision problems)
IgG, IgA, and light chains
Glucocorticoid replacement is what?
Mineralocorticoid replacement is what?
Hydrocortisone
Fludrocortisone
Dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia is what disease?
This can be seen with medication treatment?
Pellagra
Isoniazid and no B6
Liver Disease
Hyperpigmentation
Diabetes Mellitus
Arthropathy
Cardiac Enlargement
What is this?
Hemochromatosis
Parkinsonism
Urogenital Dysfunction (erectile dysfunction)
Autonomic Dysfunction (orthostatic dysfunction)
Ataxia
Rare, genetic disease, what is this?
Multiple System Atrophy
Pseudogout is caused by calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals, what else are these crystals seen?
Calcium Phosphate stones
Cor Pulmonale is right heart failure secondary to what?
Elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure
Diffuse abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, and positive urobilinogen most likely due to what?
Additionally, Neuropsychiatry and autonomic dysfunction
Young female with little past medical history
Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Diarrhea patient should have what?
Reassure patient, nutrition consult, loperamide, antibody endomysial, ESR, CRP, abdominal Xray
Diarrhea patient, maybe Celiac, what should be done?
Endoscopy
Vitamin B12
Folic Acid
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Copper
Iron Studies and Ferritin
Zinc
CRP and ESR
PT/PTT INR
Bone Densitometry
Biopsy: small bowel, pneumococcal vaccine
Before 34 weeks, what should be given for a patient’s baby lung development?
Dexamethasone
PSGN in a young child what should be ordered?
Antibody Streptolysin O
Antibody c-ANCA
Chest xray
antibody glomerular basement membrane
Cryoglobulin serum
Abdomen Ultrasound
ANA
Peds nephro
Fluid restriction, Low Sodium diet, nutrition consult
Elevated Liver enzymes, what should be avoided?
TYLENOL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
for pain give morphine
Elevated LFTs and abdominal tenderness, what should be done?
Abdominal U/S
Acetaminophen toxicity
Sputum Culutre
Elevated LFTs and abdominal tenderness, what should be done? Nausea
Abdominal U/S
Acetaminophen toxicity
Sputum Culture
Zofran
Myasthenia Gravis tx?
Another test?
Thymectomy and Pyridostimine
EMG
Surgery what should be ordered?
Type and Screen, PT/PTT, INR
Patient has headaches, high BP, and vision changes, what are the first two big things to do?
CT head, possible bleed, and nicardipine drip
When a patient has nausea, what should be done?
NPO and give zofran
COPD exacerbation, after steroids, what is one more thing to order?
Albuterol and Ipratropium
Elderly, fever, female, if +west nile virus, what should be done?
Get all the CSF stuff
Chest xray, Urine tox
TDAP, mammogram, pap, and exercise
