AANP EXAM NOTES 4 Flashcards
Name 1 virus that triggers oral hairy leukoplakia
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), HIV
A painless elongated white papilla/patch that appears corrugated located on the lateral aspects of the tongue is associated with what condition?
Oral hairy leukoplakia
How do you test for oral hairy leukoplakia?
HIV Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) TEST
The study of how your genes respond (or do not respond) to a drug is known as …
Pharmacogenocics/pharmacogenetics:
What is the branch of pharmacology concerned with how a medication is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body?
Pharmacokinetics
What is the branch of genetics concerned with the way in which an individual’s genes affect the response to therapeutic drugs.
Pharmacogenomics
A long-term goal of pharmacogenomics is to
develop medicine that is individualized for a person’s genetic makeup
Anothergoal of pharmacogenomics is to test individual response to certain medications. T/F
TRUE
What condx presents soft, disklike non-tender, smooth breast tissue that is mobile under each nipple/areola?
Physiologic gynecomastia
Presbyopia: age related condx where visual changes occur d/t decreased ability of the eye to accommodate & focus d/t stiffening of the lenses. T/F
TRUE
Presbyopia usually starts at what age?
60
Presbyopia affects near/far vision?
Near
What condx results in age-related hearing loss r/t the aging process
Prebycusis
What condx affects 60% of African Americans that is caused by inflammation from curly hair growing back into the skin?
Pseudofolliculitis barbae
Pseudofolliculitis barbae is aka
Barber’s itch
What is the TX for Pseudofolliculitis barbae
Allow beard/hair to grow for 3-4 weeks, avoid shaving close to skin
What condx causes drooping of the upper eyelid
Ptosis
What condx cuases lung scarring and CXR may show cavitations in upper lobes?
Pulmonary TB
What causes Pulmonary TB?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What is the definition of Resistant HTN
CONTINUED HTN DESPITE USE OF AT LEAST 3 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS
What condx is caused by chronic use (> 3days) of nasal decongestants
Rhinitis medicametosa
What condition causes a classic rash on both wrists and ankles that spreads centrally to palms and soles
Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever
Name an example of Theophylline
Theodur
Theophyllines can cause elevated theophylline levels. T/F
TRUE
Long term use of this drug can decrease bone mineral density & lead to osteoporosis
Levothyroxine
What therapy avoids eating large amt. of leafy green veg & cooking with canola.
o Anticoagulation therapy
Warfarin sodium is aka
Coumadin
Warfarin sodium (coumadin): Monitor INR for pt. with A fib (goal between 2 & 3) T/F
TRUE
Warfarin sodium (coumadin): Monitor INR for pt. with prosthetic heart valves (goal between 2.5 & 3.5). T/F
TRUE
PTs on ACE & ARBs should be monitored for serum K+ & serum creatinine when?
Baseline, within the 1st month, & periodically
NSAIDS is a drug affected by kidney dx. T/F
TRUE
PT on warfarin have a higher/lower incidence of over coagulation
Higher. (INR > 4). Check q 2 to 4 wks. up to q 12 weeks.
A fib/DVT/Stroke, CVA: target INR 2.0 to 3.0 (ideal 2.5)
PTS on Warfarin with mechanical mitral valve: Lifelong anticoagulation, target INR: 2.5 to 3.5 (ideal 3.0). T/F
TRUE
A PT with heart valve on Warfarin has INR of 8 with no significant bleeding. When should medication be discontinued?
NOW
Warfarin is a VIT K antagonist that increases the risk of a GI ulceration. T/F
TRUE
SUCRALFATE & CHOLESTYRAMINE may potentially increase/decrease INR?
Decrease INR
Haldol has some safety issues. T/F
True
Name 1 atypical antipsychotic
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Risperidone has a high risk of wt gain, metabolic syndrome, type 2 DM. T/F
TRUE
Risperidone PTs should have their weight monitored every …
3 months
Bisphosphonates can cause erosive esophagitis. T/F
TRUE
pt on Lincosamides such as Clindamycin (Cleocin) may have a higher risk of what?
CDAD clostridium difficile associated diarrhea
Statins should not be mixed with what type of juice?
Grapefruit juice
BPH can cause urinary retention. T/F
TRUE
Pioglitazone (Actos) is used to treat?
Diabetes. Order LFT in about 2-3 mos
What Black Box Warning applies to Actos
May cause CHF in some PTs (dont use class 3 or 4)
What is the reversal agent/antidote for warfarin
VIT K
WHAT IS THE REVERSAL AGENT/ANTIDOTE FOR HEPARIN
PROTAMINE SULFATE
Do not prescribe Digoxin more than 0.125mg per day in older adults for tx of a fib/ heart failure. Why?
Risk for dig toxicity
Name one reversal agent for Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Idarucizumab & andexanet alfa, FFP & prothrombin complex concentrate.
What is an example of perceived severity in the health belief model?
Pt. replies that nothing will happen if they develop cancer, a cure will be discovered in their lifetime.
Name top 3 causes of cancer death
Lung, breast, colon
Cancer with highest rate of mortality/death
Lung
Most common cancer
skin
most common skin cancer
basal cell
most common cancer in females
breast
most common cancer in males
prostate
Skin cancer with highest mortality
melanoma
most common cancer in children (0-14)
Leukemia
Leading cause of mortality birth - 12 mos
congenital malformation
Leading cause of mortality age 1-44
unintentional injury
Leading cause of mortality age 45-64
cancer
Leading cause of mortality 65 and older
Heart dz
Leading 3 causes of death in adolescents
- unintentional injury
- suicide
- homicide
Most common GYN cancer
uterine/endometrial
2nd most common gyn cancer
ovarian
NORMAL BMI range
18.5 - 24.9
Overweight BMI range
25-29.9
Obese BMI range
30 - 39.9
Grossly obese BMI range
> 40
Child normal BMI range
> 5 to 85
Overweight child BMI
85 - 95 or 20% above expected height
Child OBESE BMI range
=> 95 or 50% above expected height
Child GROSSLY OBESE Range
80-100% above expected height
