AAMC Bio Q Bank

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

Question 2

no passage required

Answer 2

Question 3

what subphases occur during interphase?

Answer 3

G_o, G_1, S, G₂

there’s just interphase and mitosis, all the other phases are subphases of these 2

Question 4

T/F: human and bacterial cells can both produce ATP via ATP Synthase on an ETC?

Answer 4

True,

for bacteria its on their inner membrane, but for animals, its on their mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

What method of test should be used when you want to prove the agency/causality of something

Answer 5

the most effective way to demonstrate necessity/agency is to test for the occurrence of a specific outcome in the absence of the agent necessity is being tested.

e.g. H pylori has an enzyme causes urea to break down into Co2 and ammonia. The best way to test whether this enzyme is necessary for the colonization of the stomach by H pylori (ulcurs) would be to expose uninfected animals to a strain of H pylori that lacks rease

Question 6

T/F: a phosphatid is a phospholipid and visa versa

Answer 6

true

Question 7

T/F: a reaction can be both thermodynamically favorable and kinetically unfavorable

Answer 7

true:

what determines whether it is kinetically favorable is the activation energy. The lower it is, the sooner the reaction will “get started” because the thermodynamic favorability isn’t even relevant until the reaction is jump started (ie it’s over the hill caused by activation energy)

Neither thermodynamics or kinetics will solely decide how a reaction will proceed. Both must be taken into consideration

E_A in red:

Question 8

heating a reaction mixture for an exothermic reaction favors reactants or products

Answer 8

reactants because heat is a product and the more the product side increases, the more the reaction will proceed to the left

Question 9

Spontaneous reactions have equilibrium constants greater than __#_?

Answer 9

1

Question 10

ATP hydrolysis refers to

Answer 10

the reaction that cleaves the phosphoanhydride bond that results in a phosphate molecule and ADP as products.

ATP hydrolysis involves the hydrolysis of the phosphoanhydride bond linking the gamma phosphate to the beta phosphate.

Question 11

What is always true of spontaneous reactions?

1. they increase entropy
2. they release heat
3. they decrease free energy

Answer 11

they decrease free energy

Question 12

A reaction X is exergonic and endothermic under standard conditions; what must be true of X under these conditions?

1. Heat of reaction increases
2. Entropy is constant
3. Entropy decreases
4. Entropy increases

Answer 12

entropy increases

think of it in terms of the equation as it must be mathematically true:

ΔG= ΔH - TΔS

An exergonic reaction has a negative change in free energy. so since the heat of the reaction decreases (because it’s endothermic), ΔH is positive and so T or ΔS has to increase ( ΔS is change in entropy)