A9 Pan et al Horizontal collaborative transport Flashcards
What is Horizontal Collaborative Transport (HCT)?
HCT refers to collaboration in freight transport between companies operating at the same supply chain level (e.g., carriers, logistics providers, shippers) to improve efficiency and sustainability.
What are the six main HCT solutions identified in the study?
Single Carrier Collaboration (S1) – Individual carriers cooperating on shipments.
Carrier Alliance/Coalition (S2) – Multiple carriers forming a stable alliance.
Transport Marketplace (S3) – Open digital platforms for transport service exchange.
Flow-Controlling Entities Collaboration (S4) – Shippers and logistics providers optimizing flows together.
Logistics Pooling (S5) – Shared networks and resources for multiple partners.
Physical Internet (S6) – A fully interconnected, standardized logistics network.
What are the main benefits of HCT?
Cost reduction through shared transport and warehousing.
Lower environmental impact by reducing empty running and emissions.
Improved service levels through better delivery reliability.
Greater market access by leveraging partners’ networks.
What are the major implementation challenges of HCT?
Trust issues – Companies may fear losing competitive advantage.
Regulatory barriers – Risk of violating antitrust laws.
Complex gain-sharing mechanisms – Fair profit distribution is difficult.
IT integration – Different companies use different logistics systems.
What is a carrier alliance, and how does it work?
A carrier alliance is a group of carriers that share transport requests within the group to improve efficiency.
Example: The ASTRE network in Europe, where independent transport firms collaborate.
How does a transport marketplace (S3) function in HCT?
It is an online platform where carriers, shippers, and logistics providers can trade transport services in real time, enhancing flexibility.
Example: A carrier with extra capacity lists available space on a marketplace where another company books it.
What is logistics pooling (S5), and why is it effective?
Logistics pooling allows multiple companies to share storage and transport resources, leading to lower costs and reduced carbon emissions.
Example: Retailers sharing a common warehouse and transport fleet instead of operating separate supply chains.
What is the Physical Internet (S6) in freight transport?
A future vision where all logistics networks are interconnected like the digital Internet, allowing seamless, optimized freight movement.
Example: Goods move dynamically through a shared, decentralized transport network, rather than being restricted to one carrier.
What mechanisms are used to exchange transport requests in HCT?
Side payments – Carriers compensate each other for taking shipments.
Auction mechanisms – Carriers bid for available transport requests.
Collaborative vehicle routing – Optimized joint transport planning.
Why is gain sharing important in HCT?
It ensures that all collaborating partners benefit fairly from cost savings and efficiency improvements.
Example: Using the Shapley Value method to divide cost savings proportionally based on contribution.
What role does IT and digitalization play in HCT?
Enables real-time transport tracking.
Facilitates automated scheduling and route optimization.
Ensures seamless integration between logistics partners.
What are the three levels of horizontal collaboration?
Carrier Level (S1, S2, S3) – Focuses on transport companies.
Supply Chain Level (S4, S5) – Includes shippers and logistics providers.
Network Level (S6 - Physical Internet) – A fully interconnected logistics system.
