A7 Flashcards
What is the primary objective of achieving leak integrity in a bolted flange joint?
A) Improving plant aesthetics
B) Increasing system flexibility
C) Ensuring continued leak-free operation
D) Reducing pressure levels
Ensuring continued leak-free operation
What industries are under pressure to extend operational periods?
A) Automotive and manufacturing
B) Oil, gas, and power plants
C) Pharmaceutical and agricultural
D) Telecommunications and IT
Oil, gas, and power plants
What is NOT listed as a consequence of leaks?
A) Lost product
B) Improved pressure control
C) Forced shutdowns
D) Fires
Improved pressure control
What is the ultimate goal of a Flange Joint Integrity program?
A) To reduce costs of maintenance
B) To ensure zero leaks
C) To eliminate bolted connections
D) To design smaller flanges
To ensure zero leaks
Who needs to be controlled to ensure joint integrity?
A) Environmental regulators
B) Designers, field operatives, and supervisors
C) Pipe manufacturers
D) Quality assurance teams
Designers, field operatives, and supervisors
What must be achieved to ensure proper flange assembly?
A) Perfect surface finishes
B) Gasket-seating stress
C) Maximum pipe diameter
D) Uniform bolt size
Gasket-seating stress
What factor determines the type and material of a flange?
A) Plant budget
B) Service environment
C) Pipe color
D) Operator preference
Service environment
What type of flange is used in sub-sea services for better alignment?
A) Weld-neck flange
B) Slip-on flange
C) Swivel-ring flange
D) Socket-weld flange
Swivel-ring flange
Which flange is considered the most highly stressed under internal pressure?
A) Slip-on flange
B) Blind flange
C) Weld-neck flange
D) Composite lap-joint flange
Blind flange
What is a defining characteristic of a weld-neck flange?
A) Fillet weld
B) Long, tapered hub
C) Slip-on installation
D) Flat face
Long, tapered hub
What is the most common flange face type?
A) Flat face
B) Raised face
C) Ring-type joint
D) Tongue-and-groove
Raised face
What type of flange face is used for severe duties in high-pressure gas piping?
A) Flat face
B) Tongue-and-groove
C) Ring-type joint
D) Raised face
Ring-type joint
How is sealing achieved with flat face flanges?
A) By plastic deformation of gaskets
B) By compressing a flat non-metallic gasket
C) By metal-to-metal contact
D) By using lubricated bolts
By compressing a flat non-metallic gasket
What is a unique feature of tongue-and-groove facings?
A) Retains the gasket within inner and outer diameters
B) Uses a flat gasket
C) Requires external bolts for sealing
D) Found only in sub-sea applications
Retains the gasket within inner and outer diameters
What is the primary function of a gasket?
A) Reduce joint costs
B) Prevent leakage between flange faces
C) Maintain bolt strength
D) Increase pipe length
Prevent leakage between flange faces
Which gasket type is suitable for flat-face flanges?
A) Spiral wound gaskets
B) Full-face non-metallic gaskets
C) Ring-type joint gaskets
D) Semi-metallic gaskets
Full-face non-metallic gaskets
What materials are commonly used for non-metallic gaskets?
A) Glass fiber and elastomer
B) Stainless steel and copper
C) Graphite and brass
D) Teflon and aluminum
Glass fiber and elastomer
What type of gasket is most commonly used on raised-face flanges?
A) Spiral wound gaskets
B) Composite lap gaskets
C) Metal jacketed gaskets
D) Full-face gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets
What type of gasket arrangement is used occasionally on standard flange assemblies, valves, and pumps?
A. Metallic Gaskets
B. Jacketed Gaskets
C. Camprofile Gaskets
D. Lens Rings Gaskets
Jacketed Gaskets
Which type of gasket is suitable for high-temperature and pressure applications and requires high-bolt loads to seal?
A. Jacketed Gaskets
B. Metallic Gaskets
C. Camprofile Gaskets
D. Lens Rings Gaskets
Metallic Gaskets
What is the term that includes studbolts, nuts, and washers?
A. Bolting
B. Fastening
C. Clamping
D. Joining
Bolting
What type of nuts are generally used with studs on pressure piping?
A. Lock Nuts
B. Heavy Series Nuts
C. Self-Locking Nuts
D. Standard Nuts
Heavy Series Nuts
What is the primary purpose of a self-locking nut?
A. To provide a washer face
B. To resist loosening under service conditions
C. To produce an interference fit between bolt threads
D. To maintain proper stud preload
To resist loosening under service conditions
What is the primary purpose of flat washers?
A. To provide a seal between the nut and the flange
B. To minimize embedment of the nut and aid torquing
C. To provide a bearing surface for the nut
D. To increase the load-carrying capacity of the bolt
To minimize embedment of the nut and aid torquing
What type of washers are utilized in high-torque applications?
A. Flat washers
B. Hardened washers
C. Belleville springs
D. Lock washers
Hardened washers
What is the purpose of belleville springs in a flange joint?
A. To provide a seal between the nut and the flange
B. To improve the elasticity of the flange joint
C. To increase the load-carrying capacity of the bolt
D. To reduce the risk of gasket failure
To improve the elasticity of the flange joint
What happens when two belleville springs are stacked in parallel?
A. The load to flatten the pair is doubled, but the deflection remains the same
B. The deflection is doubled, but the load to flatten the pair remains the same
C. The load to flatten the pair is halved, and the deflection is also halved
D. The load to flatten the pair is doubled, and the deflection is also doubled
The load to flatten the pair is doubled, but the deflection remains the same
What is the primary function of a bolt in a flanged joint?
A. To provide a seal between the flanges
B. To resist the parting forces exerted by the hydrostatic end force
C. To provide a clamp load or preload to compress and stress the gasket
D. To absorb vibrations and shocks
To provide a clamp load or preload to compress and stress the gasket
How do all bolts behave when tightened?
A. They compress like a heavy spring
B. They stretch like a heavy spring
C. They remain unchanged
D. They break easily
They stretch like a heavy spring
What law describes the stretching behavior of bolts in their elastic region?
A. Hooke’s law
B. Newton’s law
C. Ohm’s law
D. Pascal’s law
Hooke’s law
Which component’s leakage is often mistaken as the main problem in a flanged joint system?
A. Bolt
B. Gasket
C. Flange
D. Nut
Gasket
What does the internal fluid pressure create in a flanged joint?
A. Gasket compression
B. Hydrostatic end force
C. Bolt relaxation
D. Flange rotation
Hydrostatic end force
What is a common cause of leakage in flanged joints after a hydrostatic test?
A. Bolt over-tightening
B. Gasket deformation
C. Incorrect flange type
D. Low fluid pressure
Gasket deformation
What factor is critical to controlling leakage during the operational life of a flanged joint?
A. Initial bolt preload
B. Gasket thickness
C. Flange rotation
D. Bolt material
Initial bolt preload
What should guide the gasket selection process?
A. Color of the gasket
B. Manufacturer’s logo
C. Service environment and flange design details
D. Thickness of the gasket
Service environment and flange design details
What is crucial for gaskets used in high-temperature applications?
A. Low cost
B. High elastic behavior
C. Retaining resiliency
D. Thick construction
Retaining resiliency
What material specifications are important for bolts and nuts in flange design?
A. Color and texture
B. Length and width
C. Material grade and form
D. Manufacturer’s brand
Material grade and form
What is a key factor in reducing leakage in high-temperature bolting applications?
A. Use of light bolts
B. Increased gasket thickness
C. Special steels and alloys
D. Reduced bolt preload
Special steels and alloys
What symptom shows up due to high-temperature relaxation in bolting?
A. Increased bolt length
B. Loose bolts
C. Thicker gaskets
D. Uniform flange rotation
Loose bolts
What is the purpose of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in flange design?
A. To measure bolt lengths
B. To predict the behavior of flange structures under operating conditions
C. To calculate bolt torque
D. To analyze gasket material
To predict the behavior of flange structures under operating conditions
What is one of the benefits of using thicker flanges?
A. They are lighter
B. They distribute the applied bolt load more uniformly
C. They require fewer bolts
D. They are easier to install
They distribute the applied bolt load more uniformly
Which analysis method is increasingly used for critical flange designs?
A. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
B. Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
C. Material Failure Analysis (MFA)
D. Bolt Load Monitoring (BLM)
Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
What is the purpose of dividing the total bolt load (W) by the number of bolts?
A. To determine the bolt’s tensile strength
B. To calculate the individual bolt preload (Fp)
C. To establish the maximum torque
D. To assess the gasket material
To calculate the individual bolt preload (Fp)
Which bolt tightening method offers the highest degree of control over bolt preload?
A. Torque wrenches
B. Hydraulic tensioning systems
C. Hammer wrenches
D. Impact wrenches
Hydraulic tensioning systems
What is the function of ultrasonic equipment in controlled bolting?
A. To measure gasket thickness
B. To determine actual bolt preload
C. To lubricate bolts during tightening
D. To align flanges during assembly
To determine actual bolt preload
Which method provides the most accurate measurement of bolt preload?
A. Torque application alone.
B. Strain gauges.
C. Ultrasonic extensometers.
D. Mechanical extensometers.
Ultrasonic extensometers.
According to Hooke’s Law, how do studs behave in their elastic region?
A. They do not stretch.
B. They elongate proportionally to the applied load.
C. They permanently deform.
D. They contract under tension.
They elongate proportionally to the applied load
