A5 Flashcards
What is the primary factor driving the need for improved quality control in pipe manufacturing?
A. Cost reduction
B. Increased societal demands for safety and reliability
C. Aesthetic appeal
D. Availability of raw materials
Increased societal demands for safety and reliability
What material was historically used for medieval water pipes?
A. Steel C. Cast iron
B. Hollow wooden logs D. Copper
Hollow wooden
Which method of steel production involves blowing cold air through molten pig iron?
A. Open-hearth process C. Electric arc furnace
B. Basic oxygen process D. Bessemer converter
Bessemer converter
What is a significant advantage of the open-hearth furnace process?
A. Faster production C. Use of argon gas
B. Use of scrap steel as feedstock D. No need for fuel combustion
Use of scrap steel as feedstock
What steel-making process uses argon and oxygen to produce specialty steels?
A. Bessemer converter C. Argon oxygen process
B. Vacuum degassing D. Continuous casting
C
What is the main purpose of the vacuum degassing process?
A. Reduce costs
B. Remove hydrogen, oxygen, and impurities
C. Increase production speed
D. Add alloying elements
Remove hydrogen, oxygen, and impurities
What shape is molten steel solidified into before being used in pipe-making?
A. Sheets C. Ingots, blooms, and billets
B. Spheres D. Cylinders
Ingots, blooms, and billets
Which process is used to form pipes from molten steel?
A. Sintering C. Smelting
B. Continuous casting D. Welding
Continuous casting
What alloying elements are commonly added to steel to improve its properties?
A. Chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum
B. Zinc, copper, lead, tin
C. Silicon, aluminum, cobalt, titanium
D. Magnesium, calcium, sulfur, phosphorus
Chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum
What is the primary raw material used in steel-making for pipes?
A. Aluminum C. Copper
B. Pig iron D. Zinc
Pig iron
What is the role of a tundish in the continuous casting process?
A. Melting iron ore C. Feeding molten steel into the mold
B. Reducing impurities in steel D. Cooling solidified steel
Feeding molten steel into the mold
What is the primary concern traditionally associated with welded pipes?
A. Cost of production C. Surface finish
B. Presence of a welded seam D. Wall thickness consistency
Presence of a welded seam
What type of molds can be used in centrifugal casting?
A. Sand, graphite, carbon, or steel C. Clay, rubber, and metal
B. Plastic, wood, and paper D. Glass, ceramic, and wood
Sand, graphite, carbon, or steel
In horizontal centrifugal casting, what materials are commonly used for molds?
A. Glass and wood C. Clay and rubber
B. Sand, ceramics, or metal D. Plastic and aluminum
Sand, ceramics, or metal
What is the process of cold expansion of stainless steel pipe called?
A. Hydroforging C. Thermomechanical treatment
B. Electroforming D. Alloy tempering
Hydroforging
What is the major application of nickel and nickel-alloy pipes?
A. Aerospace structures
B. Food containers
C. Steam-generation equipment for nuclear power plants
D. Automobile exhaust systems
Steam-generation equipment for nuclear power plants
Which of the following nickel alloys is used for corrosion resistance to water, acids, and hydrogen chloride?
A. Monel 400 C. Inconel 600
B. Hastelloy B D. All of these
All of these
How are pipe and tubing classified as separate products?
A. By their material composition C. By their end use
B. By their shape D. By their manufacturing process
By their end use
What are the three weight classifications for standard pipe?
A. Light, medium, heavy
B. Standard, extra strong, double extra strong
C. Thin-walled, thick-walled, reinforced
D. Seamless, welded, cast
Standard, extra strong, double extra strong
Which organization provides specifications for many pipe categories?
A. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
B. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the American Petroleum Institute (API)
C. National Association of Pipe Manufacturers (NAPM)
D. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the American Petroleum Institute (API)
What is structural tubing primarily used for?
A. Automotive components
B. General structural purposes in the construction industry
C. Oil and gas transmission
D. Water-well applications
General structural purposes in the construction industry
What is the purpose of the rifled boiler tube?
A. To reduce the weight of the tube
B. To provide an improved heat transfer surface on the inner surface of the tube
C. To increase the structural strength of the tube
D. To make the tube resistant to corrosion
To provide an improved heat transfer surface on the inner surface of the tube
How are the fins on a finned heat exchanger tube produced?
A. By welding separate fin strips onto the tube
B. By drawing the tube over a rifled mandrel
C. By turning the tube through special dies that raise fins from the base tube material
D. By adding a composite layer with preformed fins
By turning the tube through special dies that raise fins from the base tube material
What are duplex or composite tubes designed for?
A. Lightweight applications
B. Environments requiring different materials on the inside and outside of the tube
C. High-pressure applications only
D. Improved thermal efficiency through rifling
Environments requiring different materials on the inside and outside of the tube
What method is used to create duplex or composite tubes?
A. By applying a coating after extrusion
B. By creating a bimetal mother tube before the extrusion or drawing process
C. By welding two separate tubes together
D. By casting the tube in a mold with two materials
By creating a bimetal mother tube before the extrusion or drawing process
What determines the coarseness or fineness of the fins on a finned heat exchanger tube?
A. The material of the base tube
B. The thickness of the tube wall
C. The equipment used to produce the fins
D. The temperature of the manufacturing process
The equipment used to produce the fins
What is the primary purpose of double-wall tubes?
A. To improve thermal efficiency
B. To prevent corrosion of the inner tube
C. To allow leak detection and prevent catastrophic fluid mixing
D. To enhance structural strength
To allow leak detection and prevent catastrophic fluid mixing
How is a double-wall tube manufactured?
A. By welding two tubes together
B. By inserting one tube inside the other and drawing through dies or mandrels
C. By coating the outer tube with a leak-detection material
D. By casting two layers in a mold
By inserting one tube inside the other and drawing through dies or mandrels
In which application was the double-wall tube originally developed?
A. Aerospace systems
B. Fast breeder reactor sodium-water steam generators
C. Automotive exhaust systems
D. Oil and gas pipelines
Fast breeder reactor sodium-water steam generators
What can be placed in the annulus of a double-wall tube for leak detection?
A. A pressurized liquid C. A thermal insulation material
B. An inert detecting gas D. A corrosion-resistant coating
An inert detecting gas
What should an engineer consider when selecting a pipe manufacturing method?
A. The lowest cost option available
B. Only the specifications in procurement contracts
C. The history of success and failure of manufacturing alternatives
D. The aesthetic appeal of the pipe
The history of success and failure of manufacturing alternatives
