A3 Flashcards
Helath Belief Model
Health Belief Model
Predicts the likelihood of behaviour change.
HBM
Perceived seriousness
Perceived seriousness- what will the consequences be if I do not change my health?
HBM
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived susceptibility-how personally and realistically vulnerable am I to an illness?
HBM
Cost-benefit analysis
Cost-benefit analysis- the benefits must outweigh the barriers in order for me to take health-related action.
HBM Modifying factors
Demographic variables:
Demographic variables:
age, gender, ethnicity, religion etc. help explain how one person might change their behaviour and the other might not.
HBM Modifying factors
Cues to action
Cues to action:
It can be internal ( e.g. pain) or external (e.g. A media campaign). These cues are crucial in shifting the person from thinking about changing their behaviour to actually doing it.
HBM Modifying factors
Self-efficacy:
Self-efficacy:
Does the individual believe they have the ability to successfully change their health?
Locus Of Control
Internal locus of control-
Internals belive they are in control of their own behaviours and attribute their successes/ failures to themselves. Positive health-related chages are more likely.
LOC
External locus of control:
Externals believe they are not in control of their behaviour and attribute their successes/ failures to luck, circumstances or other people. They feel hopeless about changing their health.
LOC
Attributions and health behaviour
Attribution is the process of explaining other people’s behaviour - and also explaining our own behaviour. We explain our own (and other people’s) behaviour in terms of internal and external causes. Internals and externals attribute their own health-related behaviours to different causes.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Personal attitudes -
- Positive attitudes (e.g. ‘I enjoy smoking’) = less likely to make health-related behavioural changes.
- Negative attitudes (e.g. ‘my addiction is ruining my life’) = more likely to change behaviour.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Subjective norms
If we feel our friends and family disapprove of our health we are more likely to change. If we feel our nearest and dearest approve of our health we are less likely to change.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Perceived behavioural control (PBC)
A person who feels in control of their health = more likely to make health-related behavioural changes and vice versa.