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business > A292 People > Flashcards

A292 People Flashcards

1
Q

Recruitment

A

The process of selecting and employing staff

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2
Q

External recruitment

A

Recruiting from outside the business

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3
Q

Internal recruitment

A

Recruiting from inside the business

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4
Q

Job description

A

Shows what tasks, skills and qualifications are needed for the job (provided by the business)

May also state what job is needed, how many hours you will work, and what the pay is

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5
Q

Person specification

A

Shows the type of person the business needs to recruit (provided for u )

States the knowledge, previous experience, qualifications, personal qualities and skills the person will need in order to the job

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6
Q

Cv (curriculum vitae)

A

An applicant’s record of skills, experience and qualifications (sometimes people can lie)

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7
Q

Why may a business start the recruitment process

A
  • the business could be getting bigger
  • staff could have left
  • the business may need new skills
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8
Q

How do most selection processes begin by

A

-advertising the job
You have to advertise in the right place to attract the right applicants e.g if you need a shop keeper in Newcastle you are not gong to advertise in London, are you?

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9
Q

What may applicants be asked for

A

CVs

References

Letters of support

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10
Q

Short list

A

The applicants that are most likely to be good at the job are short listed so the business doesn’t have to waste their time interviewing everyone as it is expensive and time lengthy.

These people are shortlisted through their cvs and references and experience

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11
Q

Give a disadvantage of recruiting

A
  • time lengthy
  • expensive
  • if the candidate is not good enough (either they lied on their Cv or are not worthy of the job) the whole recruitment process would have to start again
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12
Q

In a small business how might the business get to know their applicant

A
  • one to one talks
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13
Q

In a larger business how might the business best know who they are choosing

A
  • they could be presenting in front of a panel
  • they could do tests, group or team activities
  • presentations
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14
Q

How is recruitment carried out in larger businesses

A

Human Resources or personnel department will do the recruitment process

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15
Q

How is recruitment carried out in smaller businesses

A

By the manager or owner

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16
Q

Stages of recruitment

A

1) Needs analysis (see what job needs doing/what post needs to be filled)
2) advertising the post
3) selecting from the applicants

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17
Q

Why is a job description important

A

Allows potential candidates to see if they are interested in the job. This will allow only those who are interested in the job to apply -as this will save the business from doing the recruitment process all over again

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18
Q

Why is a person specification important

A

Allows candidates to see if they have the right skills and knowledge needed for the job, so only those who are interested will apply

This allows the business to easily compare the person the specification and see if they have he right person for the job

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19
Q

What could be on an advert

A
  • pay
  • hours of work
  • location of job
  • contact details (where to apply)
  • maybe qualification or skills needed
  • business name
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20
Q

Where to advertise depends on:

A

-the type of workers required
-the number of workers required
-the type of work
The amount of money the business has to advertise

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21
Q

Where to advertise …

Local newspaper

A
  • contains a jobs page where locals would know to look in
  • not expensive
  • jobs such as hairdressers would be posted this way
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22
Q

Where to advertise….

National newspaper

A
  • May have sections or even supplements for advertising jobs
  • more expensive than local newspaper
  • often used to recruit skilled workers from all over the country
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23
Q 
Where to advertise...
       Specialist magazines (for science jobs etc..)
A
  • includes specialist articles that interest particular types of workers
  • often used for recruiting highly skilled specialists such as scientists and engineers
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24
Q

Wheee to advertise….

Job centre

A
  • centres run by the government
  • often free to advertise here
  • often used to recruit semi-skilled or unskilled workers such as cleaners
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25
Q

Where to advertise

The internet

A
  • there are different types of websites that businesses could use to to advertise job
  • cheap
  • used by lots of people
  • used for lots of jobs
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26
Q

Where to advertise ….

Word of mouth

A
  • when people in that job mention that workers are needed they can let people know
  • very commonly used
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27
Q

What is a recruitment agency and what do they do

A
  • Does all of the recruitment or selection for a business (or may provide a short list)
  • they are specialist organisations
  • knowledge of where to advertise and how to select
  • it saves business time
  • they however charge a fee
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28
Q

What is an employment agency and what they do

A
  • keep lists of people who are willing to do work
  • the firm pays the worker and the agency also gets a payment
  • can be good if you need temporary workers- fast way to find staff
  • saves time in the recruitment work
  • jobs are temporary
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29
Q

How can internal recruitment be good (advantages)

A
  • easy and cheap to advertise post needed
  • quicker
  • person will already know the organisation (so the business trusts them)
  • organisation is confident they know they are employing
  • good for morale of existing workers- a chance of promotion for them
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30
Q

When is external recruitment appropriate

A
  • when no-one in the organisation can do the job
  • when someone with new skills/ideas/experience is needed
  • when more workers are needed than the business currently employs
  • high level position needed
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31
Q

How can the business make sure they have the best applicants

A
  • references
  • CV
  • get in contact with past employers
  • test their skills (do tests)
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32
Q

Letter of application

A

Letter written by the applicant saying why they believe they are suitable for the job

Advantage
-shows a persons communication skills

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33
Q

CV

A

The applicant writes out person details such as: address, qualifications, employment history and names of references

Advantage

  • shows that ability of the applicant to organise information
  • easy to see essential details at a glance
34
Q

Application form

A

Applicants provide information in answer to question on a form

Advantage
-firm can make sure all applicants supply the same information so they can make comparisons

35
Q

References

A

Someone who knows the applicant well describes personal qualities of the applicant, what work they did and how well they did it, their punctuality and attendance is important too

Advantages
-references can be honest assessments that can recommend whether a person should be appointed or not

36
Q

Tests

A

Ahah

37
Q

Interviews

A

Haha

38
Q

Presentations

A

Nah

39
Q

Psychometric tests

A

Hah

40
Q

Why would a firm carry out an interview

A
  • To see what the candidate has to offer the company
  • they can asses the interviewee’s personality

The firm would look at:

  • communication skills
  • attitude to work
  • ability to use initiative
41
Q

How could the candidate benefit from the interview

A
  • candidates get a chance to find more about the company and the role, such as:
    • working conditions
    • salary
    • training
    • facilities
    • job security
42
Q

Advantages to interviewing

A
  • interviewer can directly compare candidates
  • they can see how candidates act under pressure
  • the company can assess the interviewee’s body language and general appearance
43
Q

Disadvantages to interviewing

A
  • candidates may be nervous so may not act confidentially or naturally
  • because of this the interviewer may not see the best in the candidate i.e. Discrimination
  • just because someone performs just as well in the interview it doesn’t mean they are good at the job
44
Q

What is body language

A

The way someone presents themselves especially in an interview can say a lot about them

Your body can betray what your feelings are at the interview. Different candidates will give different impressions to the interview panel by the way they behave in the interview

45
Q

How should interviewees prepare

A
  • get a suitable outfit planned
  • think about what you may be asked and prepare
  • make sure you look clean
  • think about how you are going to get there and prepare your time
  • have a positive attitude
46
Q

What interviewers must do

A
  • need to find out who is best for the job-which is an important decision
  • cannot discriminate in any way
  • sensible questions (everyone is asked the same)
47
Q

Good questions interviewer can ask

A
  • why do you want the job
  • what makes you think you are suitable for the job
  • are you experienced in this kind of job
48
Q

Good questions interviewee can ask

A

-what training will be provided

49
Q

What is training

A

Training is about developing the knowledge, skills and abilities of workers

50
Q

The importance of training

A
  • people will know what they will be doing -makes them more productive and effective at their job
  • they will understand the procedures and facilities
  • ensures safety
51
Q

What is staff appraisal

A

When a line manager assesses the work of somebody he/she is responsible for.
They may discuss targets for the worker to achieve and training that is needed.

52
Q

What happened at least once a year with staff appraisal

A

-an employee (the appraisee) will meet meet with his/her boss (the appraiser.)

Together they will discuss the performance of the employee

53
Q

What is investors in people

A

Are a scheme by which quality of staff training and development in a business can be recognised by an outside organisation

54
Q

What is lifelong learning

A
  • The idea that workers will need to keep learning different skills during their working lives.
  • The government has been encouraging workers to learn throughout their lives (lifelong learning)
55
Q

What is motivation

A
  • Motivation is a persons desire to carry out a fast

- motivating someone involves getting them to work to do the task

56
Q

What motivates people at work

A
  • money
  • promotion
  • self-satisfaction
  • raise or bonus in salary
  • rewards- praise/certificates

You cannot force someone to do the work because they won’t do it

57
Q

What are the three types of motivation factors

A
  • Monetary methods (money)
  • non-monetary methods (not using money)
  • leadership
58
Q

Possible consequences of poor motivation

A
  • the business gains a poor reputation and cannot recruit staff
  • poor quality of work
  • low quantity of work
  • high staff turnover
59
Q

Monetary methods of motivation include:

A
  • time rate
  • overtime pay
  • salary
  • piece rate
  • commission
  • bonus
  • profit sharing
  • fringe benefits or perks
60
Q

Non-monetary methods of motivation

A
  • fear
  • job rotation
  • job enrichment
  • team work
  • award schemes
  • promotion
  • job enlargement
61
Q

What is fear

A
  • involves threats such as being told off or being sacked

- not a good motivator in the long run

62
Q

What is job rotation

A
  • workers may move between different jobs during the day/week/month e.g. Simple jobs on a production line
  • may however move from one boring job to another
63
Q

What is job enlargement

A
  • give workers different/additional tasks to do

- some variety for the worker but no extra responsibility

64
Q

What is job enrichment

A
  • give the worker more responsibility
  • e.g make and check for quality
  • worker is often trained to improve their skills to deal with extra responsibility
65
Q

What is team working and team building

A
  • put workers in teams according to ability
  • people do not often want to let other team members down
  • some teams can be given responsibility for what they do- empowerment to make decisions
  • may have social events or go on team building activities
66
Q

What are award schemes

A

When the work of an employee is recognised in some way and so they are given a reward like employee of the month

Meets the self esteem of workers

67
Q

What is promotion

A

Giving a worker promotion recognises their achievements and may motivate them and others to continue to work hard

68
Q

How can the environment motivate people to work hard

A

Is the workplace warm,safe,cold, is there light, is it comfortable.

This can motivate workers as this would make them feel happy to work

69
Q

How can leadership motivate people to work hard

A

Is the leader nice? Workers would be motivated if the leader engages the employee and makes them work hard

70
Q

What is democratic leadership

A

When workers are allowed to discuss ideas and plans with the leader

They have a chance to influence the leaders decision on something

71
Q

Advantages of democratic leadership

A
  • workers opinions and ideas would he listen to making them work hard
  • opinions valued
  • positive work environment created; everyone is happy and work well together
72
Q

In democratic leadership workers have the same amount of … (why)

A

Responsibility because the everyone gets a say and everyones opinions are listened to

73
Q

Disadvantages of democratic leadership

A
  • decision making process may take a long time as all workers must be consulted as they are treated equally
  • may make workers not work hard as their idea might not get listened to
74
Q

Jobs where democratic leadership is used

A
  • office work
  • pharmacy
  • high tech firms
  • accountancy
75
Q

What famous person was a democratic leader

A

President Obama

76
Q

What is autocratic leadership

A

When the leader makes all the decisions and the workers have little or no say in the decision making

77
Q

Advantages of autocratic leadership

A
  • allows managers and leaders to make quick decisions and act quickly upon them
  • could prevent business failing as workers would be pushed to work hard
  • reduced stress for workers as manager has to make decisions
78
Q

Disadvantages of autocratic leadership

A

If workers are always being told what to do then they will not be motivated to work hard which could affect business

79
Q

jobs where autocratic leadership is appropriate

A

where control is vital (emergency services) -army -hospital -fireservices

80
Q

gave an example of a person who was an autocratic leader

A

hitler

business (8 decks)

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