A20: Breeding goals and traits of goat production, types, usage and products. Flashcards

1
Q

What products can goats produce?

A
  • Meat (kid/young goat more frequently used = due to the meat acquiring a “barnyard” scent/taste as
    they get older)
  • Milk – cheese
  • Wool
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2
Q

What are the selection criteria in goats producing milk?

A

Milk production: Fertility, udder form & shape

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3
Q

What are the selection criteria in goats producing meat?

A

Meat production: Daily weight gain of kids, muscling, prolificacy

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4
Q

What are the selection criteria in goats producing wool?

A

Wool production: Quality of fibres in Angora, Cashmere & Mohair goats

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5
Q

Goat meat composition

A

high protein.
low fat (3%).
breeds: Boer Goat, Anglo-Nubian Goat.

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6
Q

Alternative goat products include

A
  • Goat milk soap: Mild properties
  • Leather: Kid skin gloves, etc.
  • Goat hides: Used in traditional African drum making.
  • Mohair and cashmere: Made into fine garments
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7
Q

Typical traits that goat producers want in their selection and breeding program include

A
  • Growth rate
  • Conformation such as feet, udder and jaw
  • Frame size
  • Carcase and meat characteristics
  • Fertility and fecundity
  • Ease of kidding
  • Mothering ability
  • Temperament
  • Fibre characteristics
  • Milk production
  • Physical characteristics such as skin colour
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8
Q

Mention some fine wool and fur traits

A
  • Grease (fleece weight) * Wool (clean fleece weight): 2-5kg
  • Wool thickness
  • S/P ratio (secondary:primary follicle ratio= 3-25)
  • Fineness ! Length & diameter of fibre (20-33 microns), evenness of fibres
  • Medullation of fiber
  • Face covering (wool blind-wool covers eye, open faces)
  • Crimps/ unit length(spinning ability)
  • Staple (combing fibre) length=5-15cm
  • Curl type and size( of Karakul, fur/pelt production shortly, few days after birth)
  • Wrinkles or skin folds (inc. fleece producing surface, neck, face, body)
  • Fibre (hair medullated) length and diameter (40-60 microns, coarse and carpet wool)
  • Wool production of Cashmere and Angora goats (mohair, pashmina): Special production traits of Angora and Cashmere goat are mohair and pashmina (superfine wool, specialities), shearing twice a year, high elasticity and lights (lustre, silk-like wool)
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9
Q

Mention some milk production traits of goats

A
  • Milk yield
  • Lactation performance:
    o Goat 600-1200 L
    o Length of lactation 150-200 days
  • Daily milk yield
  • Milk fat % -high
  • Milk protein % -high
  • Ease of milking (milking machine)
  • Udder size & form (in goat optimal, round)
    🡪 Example: Holland Saanen-goat has a round, spherical and ship-like shape of udder
  • Dairy goat: hand and milking, portable milking machine, milking stand
  • Milk (primarily dairy and meat) breeds: Saanen and its breed derivatives, Alpine, improved, Toggenburg, Wallis, Sable, Nubian, LaMancha
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10
Q

Overall breeding goals of goats

A
  • Deliver meat and/or fiber products
  • Genetic variation across herd
  • Continue with genetic diversity
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