a1.1 water Flashcards
what are the four reasons why water is important
- water is a solvent
- is a metabolite
- provides optimum temp for enzymes
- maintains biological structures
importance of water as solvent
has ability to dissolve molecules thus transport them around organisms acting as a medium in which chemical reactions happen in
explain importance of water as a metabolite
in chemical reactions in cells water either is the reactant or product
condensation- water product
hydrolysis- water reactant
explain importance of water providing optimum ph
in metabolic reactions which uses enzymes, they need optimum temperatures which water provides
water has a high specific heat capacity thus can stay liquid for long
explain importance of water maintaining biological structures
contributes to formation of cell membrane (phospholipid heads interact with water, phospholipid tail avoids water, this makes protein fold into shape needed to perform function)
surrounds DNA to support double helix (needed to follow instructions encoded DNA or pass instructions into future cells)
how did the solar system form
when a cloud of gas and dust collapsed into a swirling disk; some of the cloud was water
chemicals- water
functions as solvent allowing key chemical reactions to take place,
heat conduction,
surface tension and
high specific heat capacity
chemicals carbon-
simple building blocks that organisms need to form organic compunds
chemicals- phosphorus
key component of ATP molecule, providing energy to drive ans support many processes in living cells
chemicals- nitrogen
needed to make amino acids
chemicals- sulphur
part of many biochemical processes on earth most enzymes cant function without
what 2 characteristics support retention fo water
distance of earth from sun keeps temp below water vaproisation, water is able to stay liquid or ice from due to cohesion of water molecules via h2 bonds
earths gravity keeps water from escaping planet
name of bond between O and H
polar covalent bonds
charges of o and H
O= -
H= +
are water molecules polar or non polar
polar
polar meaning
hydrophilic molecule
water loving
non molar meaning
hydrophobic molecule
water fear
name of bond between different H2) molecules
hydrogen bonding
how many bonds can a single H2O bond possess with other H2O molecules
4
definition of cohesion
attraction between water molecules
force by which individual water molecules stick together through hydrogen bonding
definition of adhesion
attraction of water molecules and another very thin surface
force by which individual water molecules stick to surrounding ionic or polar molecules through hydrogen bonding this allows water molecules to associate to soil particles and diffuse to the roots of plants by osmosis
defenition of thermal (property of water)
1- high thermal conductivity water conducts transfers and absorbs heat
2- high specific heat capacity (water needs a lot of energy to change its temperature because of meany h2 bonds which must be broken)