A104 Airplane Performance

Question 1

explain the effects of weight on aircraft performance

Answer 1

Any item onboard adding weight is undersirable, more weight decreases overall performance, more weight=higher takeoff speed, longer runway, longer landing, shorter range, etc

Question 2

effects of balance on aircraft performance

Answer 2

Center of gravity, center of gravity limits, center of gravity range, total aircraft moment

Question 3

Center of Gravity

Answer 3

the balance point of an aircraft, also the center of mass.

Question 4

center of gravity limits

Answer 4

the specified forward and aft points along the longitudinal axis within which the CG must be located during flight to keep it predictable

Question 5

center of gravity range

Answer 5

the distance between the forward and aft CG limits

Question 6

Total aircraft moment

Answer 6

the total weight of the aircraft multiplied by the distance between the datum line and the location of the CG of the aircraft

Question 7

datum line

Answer 7

an imaginary ine in inches whicih all arm measurements are taken

Question 8

arm

Answer 8

the horizontal distance in inches from the reference datum line to the item

Question 9

moment

Answer 9

the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm, expressed in in pound, can be positive or negative

Question 10

Aft CG*

Answer 10

Stall Speed-Lower, Stability-lower,

Cruise speed- Higher

Question 11

Forward CG*

Answer 11

Stall speed- Higher
Stability- Higher
Cruise Speed- Lower

Question 12

explain how atmospheric conditions effect aircraft performance*

Answer 12

The lifting capability of an aircraft depends upon the design of the wing, the speed at which the wing moves through the air, and the density of air. Airplane performance depends upon the number of air molecules available around the aircraft

Question 13

three characteristics of air

Answer 13

air pressure, temperature, humidity

Question 14

air pressure*

Answer 14

when air pressure is high, you have better performance.

Question 15

Pressure altitude*(don’t confuse with air pressure)

Answer 15

How high are you in the air

Question 16

temperature

Answer 16

Higher temperature= lower performance because the molecules become more energetic and molecules are more separated

Question 17

humidity

Answer 17

Humid air weighs less than dry air. As humidity goes up aircraft performance goes down

Question 18

Describe the characteristics of standard altitude

Answer 18

Sea level Barometric pressure of 29.92, sea temperature of 15 degrees Celsius, relative humidity of 0 percent, standard temperature lapse rate of 2 degrees Celsius per 1000 feet and 1 in of mercury per 1000 feet

Question 19

Pressure altitude

Answer 19

is the height in the is a that corresponds to the currently sensed pressure around the aircraft

Question 20

Density Altitude

Answer 20

is pressure altitude corrected for variations in temperature, and equals pressure altitude in a standard atmosphere

Question 21

Performance speeds

Answer 21

Vspeeds (velocity)- speeds that define certain performance and/or limiting characteristics of an aircraft

Question 22

Vso

Answer 22

The power-off stalling speed or the minimum flight speed at which the airplane is controllable in the landing configuration

Question 23

Vs

Answer 23

the power-off stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable in a specific configuration

Question 24

Vfe

Answer 24

the highest airspeed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. This is due to the air loads imposed on the structure of flaps

Question 25

Va

Answer 25

The design maneuvering airspeed. This is the maximum speed at which the limit load can be imposed without causing structural damage

Question 26

Vno

Answer 26

The maximum structural cruising speed or the max airspeed for normal operation

Question 27

Vne

Answer 27

The never exceed speed, may cause structural failure

Question 28

Indicated airspeed

Answer 28

The speed of the airplane as observed on the AI, the airspeed without correction

Question 29

true airspeed

Answer 29

the speed of the airplane relative to air mass in which it is flying. IAS is corrected for air density

Question 30

Ground speed

Answer 30

The speed of the airplane in relation to the ground over which it is flying. TAS corrected for winds

Question 31

Best Angle on climb (Vx)

Answer 31

The speed that delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance

Question 32

Best rate of climb (Vy)

Answer 32

the speed that delivers the greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time(best glide speed)