a stay in hospital: its effects on patients Flashcards
what does Jana 1944 say about bed rest?
do they think bed rest is good for you?
JAMA 1944: “The physician must always consider complete bed rest as a highly unphysiologic and definitely hazardous form of therapy, to be ordered only for specific indications and discontinued as early as possible”
what group of people does bed rest effect the most?
what can it impact?
Bed rest affects elderly people the most
This can impact their ability to live by themselves through deterioration in fitness and loss of muscle strength
What is HCAI and HAI?
How can these be reduced?
HCAI - Healthcare associated infections – infections acquired by hospital or other healthcare setting.
HAI - Hospital acquired infection (not present on admission, but present more than 48 hours after)
HCAI and HAI can be reduced by the adherence to hospital infection control guidelines
hazards of bed rest?
- deterioration in fitness, loss of muscle strength
- particular problem in the elderly
What are 5 ways the hospital environment differs from a regular social environment?
5 ways the hospital environment differs from a regular social environment:
1) Privacy is often limited
2) Wards can be stressful places to stay
3) Staff wear uniforms
4) A patient may interact with up to 30 staff in a day
5) Many objects in the environment are unfamiliar
What leads to the patient ‘role’?
What are 3 parts of the patient role?
Loss of familiar social roles from work and home results in the patient ‘role’
3 parts of the patient role:
1) Wear night-clothes during the day
2) Allowing parts of their body to be examined
3) Little control over timing of meals, visits or when the main lights go out
What kind of behaviours might make a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ patient?
Why is being a good patient not always a good thing in health care?
Behaviours that might make a ‘good’ patient:
1) Allows themselves to be examined
2) Takes treatment given
Behaviours that might make a ‘bad’ patient:
1) Doesn’t allow themselves to be examined
2) Questions treatments given
Being a good patient in healthcare may not always be the best thing, as the patient may not get as much attention as they should
This can lead to their understanding of their condition and treatment not being very good, which can affect adherence/ability to cope
what are the 3 aspects of health locus control (loss of control)
- internal health locus of control
- powerful others health locus of control
- chance health locus of control
internal health locus of control?
The belief that a person’s behaviour will have an effect on their health status (a patients own behaviour will impact their health status)
powerful others health locus of control?
The belief that powerful other people can have control over an individual’s health status e.g doctor, nurses, family, friends
chance health locus of control?
The belief that one’s health control is a matter of chance/fate or even luck
what are the 4 other types of locus of control?
- behavioural control
- cognitive control
- decision control
- informational control
what is behavioural control?
- Behaviour focussed on improving health/recovery
- Could be improved by teaching a patient behaviour to help recovery
- E.g teaching a patient how to turn in bed to not rip stitches
what is cognitive control?
- How patient’s think about their health/recovery
- We may alter cognitions that will be helpful for health/recovery
- E.g after knee surgery, instead of the patient focussing on a painful recovery, tell them how they will get their independence back
what is decision control?
- How involved patient’s are in decision making to do with their health
- E.g health procedures/medicine/exercises they are able to do